过去式和过去分词
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AAA型
即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同.(共9个)
cost—cost-cost cut—cut-cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let-let—let put—put—put read—read—read(read的原形和过去式、过去分词 读音不同[2] ) set—set-set shut—shut-shut
ABB型
过去式、过去分词相同.(共42个)
1.过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(4个)
bring-brought-brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought-thought
fight—fought-fought
2.词尾有-ild,—end时,只需把d变为t.(4个)
build—built—built
lend—lent- lent
send—sent-sent
spend—spent- spent
3.过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。(2个)
catch—caught-caught
teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep、-eel变为-ept、—elt。(4个)
keep-kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep— swept—swept
feel—felt— felt
5.把-ell变为—old。(2个)
tell-told—told
sell—sold—sold
6.把—ell、-ill变为—elt或—ilt。(3个)
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
spill-spilt-spilt
7.把—eed、—ead、—eet变为-ed或—et。(4个)
feed-fed—fed
lead—led-led
speed—sped—sped
meet—met—met
8.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(6个)
learn—learnt—learnt
mean-meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
burn—burnt—burnt
dream—dreamt—dreamt
deal—dealt—dealt
9.过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id(4个)
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay-laid-laid
hear—heard—heard
10.改变元音字母。(12个)
meet-met—met
feed-fed—fed
get-got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found-found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine—shone-shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig— dug-dug
lose—lost—lost
11.改变辅音字母。(4个)
make-made—made
build—built—built
send-sent—sent
spend—spent—spent
12.改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have/has—had-had
understand-understood—understood
ABC型
原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共39个)
1.i—a—u变化。(7个)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing— sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim-swam-swum
sink- sank—sunk
spring—sprang-sprung
2.词尾为-ow,—aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
blow-blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow- grew-grown
know—knew-known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3.词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n.(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive-drove—driven
write-wrote-written
ride— rode-ridden
rise—rose—risen
4.过去分词在过去式后加n。(3个)
wake—woke—woken
speak—spoke—spoken
steal-stole-stolen
5.过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(2个)
get—got-gotten/got
forget—forgot-forgotten
6.过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
be—was(were)-been
eat-ate—eaten
fall—fell-fallen
give-gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7.词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加—n.(2个)
take—took—taken
mistake-mistook—mistaken
8.原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
do-did—done
fly-flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed-shown
wear—wore—worn
9.词尾为-eak时,过去式将其变为-oke,过去分词在过去式后加—n。(2个)
break—broke—broken
speak—spoke—spoken
10.词中间为“oo+辅(1个)+e”或“ee+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将oo、ee变为o,过去分词在过去式后加-n.(2个)
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze-frozen
AAB型
过去式和原形相同。(1个)
beat—beat—beaten
ABA型meet的过去式
过去分词和原形相同。(共3个)
1.词中间为“o+辅+e”时,过去式将o变为a。(2个)
come-came—come
become—became-become
2.u—a—u变化.(1个)
run— ran—run
情态动词型
(除must)
只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(共4个)
can-could may—might will—would shall—should must 既没有过去式也没有过去分词
常用过去分词
begin(开始) began begun
drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung
sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum
blow(吹) blew blown
draw(画) drew drawn
fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown
know(知道) knew known
throw(投掷) threw thrown
show(出示) showed shown
break(打破) broke broken
choose(选择) chose chosen
forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot)
speak(说,讲) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woken
drive(驾驶) drove driven
eat(吃) ate eaten
fall(落下) fell fallen
give(给) gave given
rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken
ride(骑) rode ridden
write(写) wrote written
do(做) did done
go(去) went gone
lie(平躺) lay lain
see(看见) saw seen
wear (穿) wore worn
不规则的动词
cost(花费)cost cost
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