2023年考研英语一真题及答案(完整版)
2023年考研英语一真题及答案（完整版）
一、完形填空
Use of English
Caravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas including
China, North Africa and the Middle East. They were typically __1__ outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments of __2__.
This word “Caravanserais” is a __3__ of the Persian word “karvan”, which means a group of travellers or a caravan, and seray, a palace or enclosed building. The Perm caravan was used to __4__ groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons, __5__ merchants, travellers or pilgrims.
From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes become more developed, the __6__ of the Caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night. Travellers on the Silk Road __7__ possibility of being attacked by thieves or being __8__ to extreme conditions. For this reason, Caravanserais were strategically placed __9__ they could be reached in a day’s travel ti me.
Caravanserais served as an informal __10__ point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road. __11__, those structures became important centers for culture __12__ and interaction, with travelers sharing their cultures, ideas and beliefs, __13__ talking knowledge with them, greatly __14__ the development of several civilizations.
Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and __15__ in the trade of goods along the Silk Road. __16__, it was frequently the first stop merchants looking to sell their wares and __17__ supplies for their own journeys. It is __18__ that around 120000 to 15000 caravanserais were built along the Silk Road, __19__ only about 3000 are known to remain today, many of which are in __20__.
1、答案：C. located
2、答案：A. privately
3、答案：D. combination
4、答案：C. describe
5、答案：C. such as
6、答案：A. construction
7、答案：B. faced
8、答案：B. subjected
9、答案：A. so that
10、答案：D. meeting
11、答案：D. As a result
12、答案：C. exchange
13、答案：C. as well as
14、答案：B. influencing
15、答案：A. aided
16、答案：B. indeed
17、答案：D. stock up on
18、答案：A. predicted
19、答案：D. although
20、答案：A. ruins
二、阅读理解
2023考研时间
Text 1
The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.
Pat Hardy, who sympathized with views of the energy sector, is resisting the proposed change to science standards for pre-teen pupils. These would emphasise the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of mi tigation measures.
Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. “They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public
education，“What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan board mem bers, rather than facts and sound scholarship.”
Such debate reflects fierce discussion discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.
A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.
Glenn Branch, th e centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralises decisions to local school boards. Even if a state i
s considered a high performer in its science standards, “that d oes not mean it will be taught”, he says.
Another issue is that while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages —such as earth and space sciences in high schools —it is not as well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. It is also less prominent in many social studies courses.
Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.
21. In paragraph 1, the weather in Texas is mentioned to
答案：C. indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting
22. What does Quinn think of Hardy?
答案：B. She denies the value of scientific work.
23. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5
答案：A. Climate education is insufficient at state public school
24. According to Branch, state-level science standards in the US
答案：C. have limited influence
25. It is implied in the last paragraph that climate change teaching in some schools

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