详解java实现HTTP请求的三种⽅式
⽬前JAVA实现HTTP请求的⽅法⽤的最多的有两种：⼀种是通过HTTPClient这种第三⽅的开源框架去实现。HTTPClient对HTTP的封装性⽐较不错，通过它基本上能够满⾜我们⼤部分的需求，HttpClient3.1 是 org.apachemons.httpclient下操作远程 url的⼯具包，虽然已不再更新，但实现⼯作中使⽤httpClient3.1的代码还是很多，HttpClient4.5是org.apache.http.client 下操作远程 url的⼯具包，最新的；另⼀种则是通过HttpURLConnection去实现，HttpURLConnection是JAVA的标准类，是JAVA⽐较原⽣的⼀种实现⽅式。
⾃⼰在⼯作中三种⽅式都⽤到过，总结⼀下分享给⼤家，也⽅便⾃⼰以后使⽤，话不多说上代码。
第⼀种⽅式：java原⽣HttpURLConnection
package com.powerX.httpClient;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.HttpURLConnection;
import java.MalformedURLException;
import java.URL;
public class HttpClient {
public static String doGet(String httpurl) {
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
InputStream is = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = null;// 返回结果字符串
try {
// 创建远程url连接对象
URL url = new URL(httpurl);
// 通过远程url连接对象打开⼀个连接，强转成httpURLConnection类
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
// 设置连接⽅式：get
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
// 设置连接主机服务器的超时时间：15000毫秒
connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
// 设置读取远程返回的数据时间：60000毫秒
connection.setReadTimeout(60000);
/
有关重阳节的诗句/ 发送请求
// 通过connection连接，获取输⼊流
if (ResponseCode() == 200) {
is = InputStream();
// 封装输⼊流is，并指定字符集
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
// 存放数据
StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
String temp = null;
while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
sbf.append(temp);
sbf.append("\r\n");
}
result = String();
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭资源
if (null != br) {
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (null != is) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
connection.disconnect();// 关闭远程连接
}
return result;
}
public static String doPost(String httpUrl, String param) {
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
InputStream is = null;
OutputStream os = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
// 通过远程url连接对象打开连接
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
// 设置连接请求⽅式
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
// 设置连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
// 设置读取主机服务器返回数据超时时间：60000毫秒
connection.setReadTimeout(60000);
// 默认值为：false，当向远程服务器传送数据/写数据时，需要设置为true
connection.setDoOutput(true);
// 默认值为：true，当前向远程服务读取数据时，设置为true，该参数可有可⽆
connection.setDoInput(true);
// 设置传⼊参数的格式：请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
// 设置鉴权信息：Authorization: Bearer da3efcbf-0845-4fe3-8aba-ee040be542c0
connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer da3efcbf-0845-4fe3-8aba-ee040be542c0"); // 通过连接对象获取⼀个输出流
os = OutputStream();
// 通过输出流对象将参数写出去/传输出去，它是通过字节数组写出的
os.Bytes());
// 通过连接对象获取⼀个输⼊流，向远程读取
if (ResponseCode() == 200) {
is = InputStream();
// 对输⼊流对象进⾏包装:charset根据⼯作项⽬组的要求来设置
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
String temp = null;
// 循环遍历⼀⾏⼀⾏读取数据
while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
sbf.append(temp);
sbf.append("\r\n");
}
result = String();
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭资源
if (null != br) {
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (null != os) {
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (null != is) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 断开与远程地址url的连接
connection.disconnect();
}
return result;
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}
第⼆种⽅式：apache HttpClient3.1
package com.powerX.httpClient;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apachemons.httpclient.DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler;
import org.apachemons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apachemons.httpclient.HttpStatus;
import org.apachemons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.hods.GetMethod;
import org.hods.PostMethod;
import org.apachemons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
public class HttpClient3 {
造梦西游怎么抓宠物
public static String doGet(String url) {
// 输⼊流
InputStream is = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = null;
// 创建httpClient实例
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
// 设置http连接主机服务超时时间：15000毫秒
// 先获取连接管理器对象，再获取参数对象，再进⾏参数的赋值
// 创建⼀个Get⽅法实例对象
GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url);
// 设置get请求超时为60000毫秒
// 设置请求重试机制，默认重试次数：3次，参数设置为true，重试机制可⽤，false相反
// 执⾏Get⽅法
int statusCode = uteMethod(getMethod);
假日// 判断返回码
if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
// 如果状态码返回的不是ok，说明失败了，打印错误信息
} else {
// 通过getMethod实例，获取远程的⼀个输⼊流
is = ResponseBodyAsStream();
// 包装输⼊流
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
// 读取封装的输⼊流
String temp = null;
while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
sbf.append(temp).append("\r\n");
}
result = String();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭资源
if (null != br) {
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (null != is) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 释放连接
}
return result;
}
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, Object> paramMap) {
// 获取输⼊流
InputStream is = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
String result = null;
// 创建httpClient实例对象
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
// 设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);幼儿园大班工作总结
// 设置post请求超时时间
// 判断参数map集合paramMap是否为空
if (null != paramMap && paramMap.size() > 0) {// 不为空
// 创建键值参数对象数组，⼤⼩为参数的个数
nvp = new NameValuePair[paramMap.size()];
// 循环遍历参数集合map
Set<Entry<String, Object>> entrySet = Set();
// 获取迭代器
Iterator<Entry<String, Object>> iterator = entrySet.iterator();
int index = 0;
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Entry<String, Object> mapEntry = ();
// 从mapEntry中获取key和value创建键值对象存放到数组中
try {
nvp[index] = new Key(),
new Value().toString().getBytes("UTF-8"), "UTF-8"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
index++;
}
}
// 判断nvp数组是否为空
if (null != nvp && nvp.length > 0) {
// 将参数存放到requestBody对象中
postMethod.setRequestBody(nvp);
}
// 执⾏POST⽅法
try {
int statusCode = uteMethod(postMethod);
// 判断是否成功
if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
}
// 获取远程返回的数据
is = ResponseBodyAsStream();
// 封装输⼊流
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
费伍德森林StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
String temp = null;
while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {
sbf.append(temp).append("\r\n");
}
result = String();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭资源
if (null != br) {
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (null != is) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 释放连接
}
return result;
}
}
第三种⽅式：apache httpClient4.5
package com.powerX.httpClient;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.fig.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.ity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.hods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.hods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.hods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.ssage.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public class HttpClient4 {
public static String doGet(String url) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String result = "";
try {
// 通过址默认配置创建⼀个httpClient实例
httpClient = ateDefault();
// 创建httpGet远程连接实例
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
// 设置请求头信息，鉴权
httpGet.setHeader("Authorization", "Bearer da3efcbf-0845-4fe3-8aba-ee040be542c0"); // 设置配置请求参数
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