主席在美国哈佛大学的演讲
主席在美国哈佛大学的演讲
Enhance Mutual Understanding and Build Stronger Ties of Friendship and Cooperation

增进相互了解 加强友好合作

Address by President Jiang Zemin at Harvard University of the United States of America

----主席在美国哈佛大学的演讲

1 November 1997

一九九七年十一月一日

(Excerpt 1)

Mr. President,

校长先生

Ladies and Gentlemen,

女士们,先生们:

I wish to thank President Rudenstine for inviting me to this old yet modern institution of the United States in this golden fall.

我感谢陆登庭校长的邀请,使我有机会在这美好的金秋时节,来到你们这座美国古老而又现代化的学府.

Since its founding some 360 years ago, Harvard has nurtured a great number of outstand
ing statesmen, scientists, writers and businessmen, including six of the American Presidents and over thirty Nobel Prize winners. The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of America testifies to its position in the American history.

哈佛建校三百六十年来如何查中考分数,培养出许多杰出的政治家,科学家,文学家，和企业家,曾出过六位美国总统,三十多位诺贝尔奖获得者.先有哈佛,后有美利坚合众国,这说明了哈佛在美国历史上的地位.

Harvard is among the first American universities to accept Chinese students. The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained academic exchanges with this university. Harvard has thus made useful contribution to the enhanced mutual understanding between the Chinese and American peoples.

哈佛是最早接受中国留学生的美国大学之一.中国教育界,科学界,文化界一直同哈佛大学保持着学术交流.哈佛为增进中美两国人民的相互了解作出了有益的贡献.


Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust and promote cooperation with one another. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and the United States, the exchanges and mutual understanding between our two peoples have broadened and deepened steadily. However, this is not enough. To promote the development of China-U.S. relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.

相互了解,是发展国与国之间关系的前提.惟有相互了解,才能增进信任,加强合作.中美建交以来,我们两国人民之间的相互交流与了解在逐渐扩大和加深,但还不够.为了推动中美关系的发展,中国需要进一步了解美国,美国也需要进一步了解中国.

In the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions, which have been either developed or sublated with the changes of the times and social progress. These traditions have exerted a profound impact on the values
and way of life of the Chinese people today, and on China’s road of advance. Here, I would like to make some observations on the following aspects, which I hope will help you know China better.

中国在自己发展的长河中,形成了优良的历史文化传统.这些传统,随着时代变迁和社会进步获得扬弃和发展,对今天中国人的价值观念,生活方式和中国的发展道路,具有深刻的影响.这里,我想就以下一些方面谈些看法,希望有助于诸位对中国的了解.

First, the tradition of solidarity and unity. The Chinese nation is a big family composed of 56 nationalities. Since time immemorial, people of all our nationalities have established close-knit political, economic and cultural links and joined hands in developing the vast land of our country. China became a vast unified country more than 2,000 years ago. The age-old Chinese culture becomes a strong bond for ethnic harmony and national unity. Solidarity and unity are deeply inscribed in the hearts of the Chinese people as part of their national identity. Despite occasional divisions, ethnic harmony and national unity hav
e remained the main stream in the history of the Chinese nation, and an important guarantee for China’s development and progress. The founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 marked an unprecedented great unity of the Chinese nation. A new type of relationship of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance among all our nationalities has been established. People of all our nationalities enjoy full rights and freedoms provided for by the law. In places where there is a high concentration of ethnic minorities, regional autonomy is in practice. These regions have witnessed continued economic and social development. All these have laid a solid political foundation for consolidated national unity.

一是团结统一的传统.中华民族是由五十六个民族组成的大家庭.从遥远的古代起,我国各族人民就建立了紧密的政治经济文化联系,共同开发了祖国的河山,两千多年前就形成了幅员广阔的统一国家.悠久的中华文化,成为维系民族团结和国家统一的牢固纽带.团结统一,深深印在中国人的民族意识中。中国历史上虽曾出现过暂时的分裂现象,但民族团结和国家统一始终是中华民族历史的主流,是中国发展进步的重要保障.新中国的成立,标志着中华民族实现
了空前的大团结.各民族之间建立了平等,团结,互助的新型关系.个民族人民依法享有各项权利和自由.在少数民族聚居的地方实行了区域自治.民族地区的经济社会获得不断的发展.所有这些,为巩固国家统一奠定了坚实的政治基础.

Second, the tradition of maintaining independence. Our ancestors always regarded the spirit of maintaining independence as the foundation of a nation. As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without letup in its history of several thousand years. In modern times, the frequent bullying and humiliation by imperialist powers once weakened China. However, after a hundred years’ struggle of the entire Chinese nation, China has stood up again as a giant. This fully testifies to the indestructible strength of this independent national spirit of the Chinese people. Today, in finding a road of advance suited to us, we will proceed from our own national conditions to address the problems of how to attain economic, political and cultural development without blindly copying other countries’ models. In handing international affairs, we decide our positions and policies from an independent approach. The Chinese people cherish its
friendship and cooperation with other peoples, and they also cherish their right to independence, which they have won through protracted struggles.

二是独立自主的传统.我们的先人历来把独立自主视为立国之本.中国作为人类文明发祥地之一,在几千年的历史进程中,文化传统始终没有中断.近代中国虽屡遭列强欺凌,国势衰败,但经过全民族的百年抗争,又以巨人的姿态重新站立起来.焊接方管这充分说明,中国人独立自主的民族精神具有坚不可摧的力量.今天,我们在探索自己的发展道路时,坚持从中国的国情出发,而不照搬别国的模式.在处理国际事务中,我们采取独立自主的立场和政策.中国人民珍惜同各国人民的友谊与合作,也珍惜自己经过长期奋斗而得来的独立自主权利.

Third, the peace-loving tradition. Chinese thinkers of the pre-Qin days (over 2000 years ago) advanced the doctrine “loving people and treating neighbors kindly are most valuable to a country”. This is a reflection of the aspiration of the Chinese people for a peaceful world where people of all countries live in harmony. Today, the Chinese people who are committed to modernization need more than ever a long-term international envir
onment of peace and a favorable neighboring environment. China’s foreign policy is peace-oriented. We will establish and develop friendly relations and cooperation with all countries in the world on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, especially the principles of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit and non-interference in each other’s internal affairs. We still never impose upon others the kind of sufferings we ourselves once experienced. A developing and progressing China does not pose a threat to anyone. China will never seek hegemony even if it grows rich and strong in the future. China is always a staunch force for world peace and regional stability.

三是爱好和平的传统.我国先前思想家就提出了 “亲仁善邻,国之宝也”的思想,反映了自古以来中国人民就希望天下太平,同各国人民友好相处.今天,专心制志进行现代化建设的中国人民,更需要有一个长期的和平国际环境和良好的周边环境.我国的对外政策,是以和平为宗旨的.我们坚持在和平共处五项原则,特别是在相互尊重,平等互利,互不干涉内政的原则基础上,同世界各国建立和发展友好合作关系.我们绝不会把自己曾经遭受欺凌的苦难加之于人.中国的发展与进步,不会对任何人构成威胁.将来中国富强起来了,也永远不称霸.中国始终是维护
世界和平与地区稳定的坚定力量.

Fourth, the tradition of constantly striving to strengthen oneself. Through observing the changing nature of the universe and of all things, ancient Chinese philosophers proposed the following doctrine: “Heaven operates vigorously, and gentlemen exert to strengthen themselves unceasingly.” This idea has become an important moral force spurring the Chinese people to work hard for change and innovation. The fruits of China’s ancient civilization were brought about by the tireless efforts and hard work of the Chinese nation. In the past one hundred years or so, the Chinese people waged arduous struggles to lift themselves from their historical plight under semi-colonial and semi-feudal rule. Dr. Sun Yat-sen, China’s forerunner in the democratic revolution, was the first to put forward the slogan of “rejuvenation of China”. He led the Revolution of 1911 to overthrow the autocratic monarchy lasting several millennia in China. Under the guidance of Mao Zedong Thought, the Communist Party of China led the Chinese people in achieving China’s national independence and people’s liberation and in building China into a sociali
st country with initial prosperity. Today, guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Chinese people are firmly pressing ahead with reform and opening-up and have achieved remarkable successes in the modernization drive. China has entered a period of its fastest and healthiest growth in this century.

四是自强不息的传统.我们的先哲通过观察宇宙万物的变动不居,提出了 “天行健,君子以自强不息”的思想,成为激励中国人民变革创新,努力奋斗的精神力量。中国古代文明的发展,是中华民族艰苦奋斗,自强不息的结果.近百年来.为了摆脱半殖民地半封建的历史境遇照片电子版,中国人民进行了艰苦卓绝,奋发图强的斗争.中国民主革命的先行者孙中山首先提出 “振兴中华”的口号,他领导的辛亥革命,推翻了在中国延续几千年的君主专制制度.在思想指引下,中国共产党领导中国人民实现了民主独立和人民解放,并把中国建设成为初步繁荣昌盛的社会主义国家.今天,在理论指引下,我国人民坚定不移地实行改革开放,在现代化建设中取得举世瞩目的成就.中国进入了百年来发展最快最好的历史时期

(Excerpt 2)摘录,引用


The reform and opening-up endeavour is an embodiment and a creative development of the Chinese spirit of constantly striving to strengthen oneself and change and innovation in modern times. We refer to our reform and opening-up as socialist reform and opening up because it is a self-improvement and development of the socialist system in China. Practice in the last twenty years has eloquently proved that we are going in the right direction, firm in conviction, steady in our steps and gradual in our approach when carrying out the reform and opening-up and that we have achieved tremendous succeeded. We have successfully overcome various difficulties and risks in the course of our advance without causing great social unrest. Rather, we have succeeded in greatly releasing and developing social productive forces and maintained social stability and an all-round round progress.

改革开放,是中华民族自强不息和变革创新精神在当代的集中体现和创造性的发展.我们把改革开放叫作社会主义改革开放,因为它是中国社会主义制度的自我完善和发展.近二十年的实
践已充分证明,我们进行改革开放的方向是正确的,信念是坚定的,步骤是稳妥的,方式是渐进的,取得的成就是巨大的.虽然在前进中也遇到这样和那样一些困难和风险腾冲景点,但我们都顺利地解决了,不仅没有引起大的社会震动,而且极大地解放和发展了社会生产力,保持了社会稳定和全面进步.

We are conducting a comprehensive reform with full confidence. Economically, we will speed up the establishment of a socialist market economy and realize industrialization, and the socialization, marketization and modernization of the economy. Politically, we will endeavor to develop socialist democracy, govern the country according to law, build a socialist country under the rule of law and ensure the full exercise of peoples’ rights to govern the country and manage social affairs. Culturally, we will work hard to develop a socialist culture that is national, scientific and popular, a culture that is oriented to modernization, to the world and to the future, adopt a strategy of rejuvenating China through science and education, and strive to raise the political and moral standards as well as scientific and cultural level of the entire nation. In a word, it is to build China into a
prosperous, strong, democratic, and culturally advanced modern country.
电厂水处理
现在,我们正在满怀信心地全面推进改革.在经济上,要加快建立社会主义市场经济体制,实现工业化和经济的社会化,市场化,现代化;在政治上,要努力发展社会主义民主政治,依法治国,建设社会主义法制国家,保证人民充分行使管理国家和社会事务的权利;在文化上,要积极建设面向现代化,面向世界,面向未来的,牛年祝福语简短的民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化,实行科教兴国战略,不断提高全民族的思想道德素质和科学文化素质.总起来说,就是要把中国建成富强民主文明的现代化国家.

A county with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, China should make greater contribution to humanity. The Chinese people waged a dauntless struggle for one hundred years. They have effected great reforms and changes one after another to build China into a strong and prosperous country. They have worked to strengthen ethnic solidarity and achieve national reunification and to promote the lofty cause of world peace and development. In the final analysis, they have done all these for just one objective, tha
t is, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and China’s new and greater contribution to humanity.

中国作为疆域辽阔,人口众多,历史悠久的国家,应该对人类有较大的贡献.中国人民所以要进行百年不屈不挠的斗争,所以要实行一次又一次的伟大变革,实现国家的繁荣富强,所以要加强民族团结,完成祖国统一大业,所以要促进世界和平与发展的崇高事业,归根到底就是为了一个目标:实现中华民族的伟大复兴,争取对人类作出新的更大的贡献.

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