大学英语四级分类模拟题397
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Reading Comprehension百家讲坛清明上河图(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：30.00)
Are you a compulsive (强迫性的) spender, or do you hold on to your money as long as possible? Are you a bargain hunter? Would you rather use charge accounts than pay cash? Your answers to these questions will 1 your personality. According to psychologists, our individual money habits not only show our present 2 and values, but can also 房子想装修3 from past problems.
Experts in psychology believe that for many people, money is an important symbol of strength and 4 Many people consider money a symbol of love. They spend it on their family and friends to express love, or they buy themselves expensive presents because they need love.
格力空调小金豆
Experts in psychology believe that for many people, money is an important symbol of strength and 4 Many people consider money a symbol of love. They spend it on their family and friends to express love, or they buy themselves expensive presents because they need love.
格力空调小金豆
People can 5 themselves to different things—for example, alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders; they feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is irrational—impossible to explain 6 . For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. Their pleasure in 7 amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.
There is even a 8 psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and 9 . Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don"t need just because they are 10 . They believe they help their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game: When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they win.
A. abandon I. influence
B. absolutely J. pretty 网络公司注册
C. absorb K. reasonably
There is even a 8 psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and 9 . Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don"t need just because they are 10 . They believe they help their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game: When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they win.
A. abandon I. influence
B. absolutely J. pretty 网络公司注册
C. absorb K. reasonably
D. affect L. reflect
E. beliefs M. special
F. cheap N. stem
G. discounts O. unique
H. enormous（分数：30.00）
E. beliefs M. special
F. cheap N. stem
G. discounts O. unique
H. enormous（分数：30.00）
解析：L[解析] 本空应填动词。下句是对本句的详细说明，所填词应该与下句中处于相同语法位置的谓语动词show意思相近，故答案为L项reflect。
解析：E[解析] 本空应填名词。所填词和values为并列关系，表示心理学家所关注的某种现象，这里的values不是表示“价值”，而是“价值观”，故答案为E项beliefs。
解析：N[解析] 本空应填动词。此空需要一个能与from连用的动词，stem from意为“出自；来源于”，在这里表示花钱习惯也源自过去的一些问题，故答案为N项stem。
解析：I[解析] 本空应填名词。所填词和strength为并列关系，表示金钱的一种象征意义，故答案为I项influence，在此处意为“影响力”。
解析：A[解析] 本空应填动词。由后面句子中的such an addiction可知，本空所填词与后面的themselves to连用，表示的意思是“特别喜欢；沉溺于”，故答案为A项abandon。C项absorb的用法应该是be absorbed in。
解析：K[解析] 本空应填副词。所填词修饰动词explain。此空的关键是把握破折号的解释说明作用，理解所填词与irrational(不理性的)在意思上有关联，本空前的impossible已经表达了一种否定意义，因此这里就需要填与irrational意思相反的副词，故答案为K项reasonably。
解析：H[解析] 本空应填形容词。所填词可能修饰后面的名词amounts(数量)，描述强迫性花钱者拼命花钱而不在乎所买的东西的心理，故答案为H项enormous。
解析：M[解析] 本空应填形容词。所填词修饰psychology，根据文意可以排除F项cheap，H项enormous和J项pretty。这里是说这种买便宜货的特殊心理，而非独一无二的心理，故答案为M项special。
解析：G[解析] 本空应填名词。所填词要与sales和low prices并列，表示可以省钱的某种东西，故答案为G项discounts。
解析：F[解析] 本空可能填形容词或名词，作表语。由上句中的sales和low prices可知，强迫性折扣族购买的是便宜货，故答案为F项cheap。
三、Section B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)
How to Make Peace with Your Workload
A. Swamped (忙碌的), under the gun, just struggling to stay ; whatever office cliché (陈词滥调) you use to describe it, we"ve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to avoid feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows.
B. "Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape. It enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that you"ll find the items you do need faster and easier," says Jeff Davidson, a work/life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. "When something can be tossed, let it go. Most of what you r
etain is replaceable." Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with more than 30 years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must. "Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you can"t locate a document or report easily because it"s lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation," he says. "Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies."
C. Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm, urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. "Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time," she suggests. "This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if you"re reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable," Carlson says. It may sound strange, but it works.
D. Despite what you may consider multitasking, it"s counterproductive. Unless you"re drin
宁夏旅游景点介绍C. Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm, urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. "Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time," she suggests. "This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if you"re reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable," Carlson says. It may sound strange, but it works.
D. Despite what you may consider multitasking, it"s counterproductive. Unless you"re drin
king coffee while scanning your morning e-mail, you"re not saving any time by attempting to do 10 things at once. "If you find yourself getting involved in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement," Rudy says, "because mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end up never accomplishing a thing." Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. "When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one," he says.
E. Deborah Chaddock-Brown, a work-at-home single morn, says she"s frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business. Still, she manages to "do it all" by setting a time limit for each task. "I have the type of personality that flits (掠过) from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate," Brown says. "As a consequence I assign time slots (一段时间): For the next 15 minutes I will participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business (not sending photos or playing Farmville) and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. That way, at night I don
E. Deborah Chaddock-Brown, a work-at-home single morn, says she"s frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business. Still, she manages to "do it all" by setting a time limit for each task. "I have the type of personality that flits (掠过) from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate," Brown says. "As a consequence I assign time slots (一段时间): For the next 15 minutes I will participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business (not sending photos or playing Farmville) and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. That way, at night I don
"t end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish even though I felt busy all day."
F. "Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them (that they"re no longer important). There are usually clear priorities in the manager"s head; he or she has just not done a great job communicating those with the employees," says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor. Green"s suggestion unfolds in this manner: "If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done." Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and aren"t just complaining about their workload.
G. "If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly," says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing Jot Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: "Use voice mail to cut down on telephone int
F. "Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them (that they"re no longer important). There are usually clear priorities in the manager"s head; he or she has just not done a great job communicating those with the employees," says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor. Green"s suggestion unfolds in this manner: "If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done." Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and aren"t just complaining about their workload.
G. "If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly," says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing Jot Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: "Use voice mail to cut down on telephone int
erruptions, turn off the alert that says "You"ve got an e-mail" and give staff members a set time to visit with you." Justin Gramm, president of a real estate agency, exemplifies Roth"s point. "E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand," he says. Since determined to check his e-mail only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. "If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get to work," he says.
想开服装店H. "The paradox of today"s work environment is that the more you do, the more that"s expected of you," Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities. Is the task aligned (使一致) with your priorities and goals? Are you likely to be as prone (有……倾向的) to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week? What else could you do that would be more rewarding? What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face? Does the other party have options other than you? Will he or she be crushed if you say no?
想开服装店H. "The paradox of today"s work environment is that the more you do, the more that"s expected of you," Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities. Is the task aligned (使一致) with your priorities and goals? Are you likely to be as prone (有……倾向的) to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week? What else could you do that would be more rewarding? What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face? Does the other party have options other than you? Will he or she be crushed if you say no?
I. Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned again and again. Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People for more information on how to make the most of your time and come to terms with your workload.（分数：40.00）
(1).According to Joel Rudy, one may have low efficiencies if his or her work area is in a mess.（分数：4.00）
解析：B[解析] 题目意为：乔尔·鲁迪认为如果一个人的工作区域杂乱不堪，他或她的效率可能就会偏低。根据题目中的线索词Joel Rudy将本题定位至B段。该段后半部分阐述乔尔·鲁迪的观点，他指出，杂乱的工作环境在某种程度上影响工作效率。该段最后一句也提到，应该花时间整理办公区域，把重要资料放在随手可取的位置，这样才能提高工作效率。由这两句可判断乔尔·鲁迪认为办公环境不整洁会影响人的工作效率。
(2).Davison thinks one should assess his or her workload first before agreeing to take on new tasks.（分数：4.00）
解析：H[解析] 题目意为：戴维森认为，在同意接受新的任务之前，首先要评估自己的工作量。根据题目中的线索词Davidson和before agreeing to take on new tasks将本题定位至H段。该段第2句提到，为了更好地评估自己的工作量，戴维森建议，在同意承担新的工作职责之前，先问问自己一些问题。由此可知，在同意承担新的工作职责之前，问自己这些问题是为了评估自己的工作量。题目中的take on new tasks对应原文中的undertake new responsibilities。
(3).It"s important to focus on a single item at a time instead of all the things on the to-do list.（分数：4.00）
解析：C[解析] 题目意为：一次只专注于一项工作而非待办事项清单上所有的工作，这一点很重要。根据题目中的线索词focus on a single item和to-do list将本题定位至C段。该段第2句提到，盖住工作清单，每次只露出一个需要优先处理的任务。后面进一步指出，如果看到满满一页的待办事项清单，就会觉得不知从何做起。将注意力集中在一项任务上，会让你觉得清单上的任务似乎更容易执行。综合这几句可知，我们应该一次只专注于一项工作而非待办事项清单上所有的工作。
(4).After changing the way she works, Deborah Chaddock-Brown realizes that setting time limits is a good idea.（分数：4.00）
解析：E[解析] 题目意为：改变工作方法之后，德博拉·查多克-布朗意识到设定时间限制是个好方法。根据题目中的线索词Deborah Chaddock-Brown和setting time limits将本题定位至E段。该段前两句指出，德博拉·查多克-布朗通过对每项任务设定时间限制做到了事业和家庭兼顾。接下来介绍了她本来的工作方式，以及设定时间限制之后所取得的效果。题目是对该段的综合概括。
(5).Doing too many things at the same time may achieve the opposite result.（分数：4.00）
解析：D[解析] 题目意为：同时进行多项工作会产生相反的效果。根据题目中的线索词do too many things at the same time和the opposite result将本题定位至D段。该段第1句指出，同时处理多项任务这种工作方式会产生相反的效果。
(6).In order to work more efficiently, we are supposed to read some books for more suggestions.（分数：4.00）
解析：I[解析] 题目意为：为了使工作更有效率，我们应该从书中寻求一些建议。根据题目中的线索词books和more suggestions将本题定位至I段。该段第1句提到，如果你想要更多建议，大多数专家会推荐一些关于如何最大限度地提高效率的书籍。题目中的more efficiently对应原文中的maximize efficiency, more suggestions对应原文中的additional tips。
版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。
发表评论