大学英语四级分类模拟题457
大学英语四级分类模拟题457
(总分：618.50，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Translation(总题数：15，分数：618.50)
1.清明节(the Tomb-Sweeping Day)，是中国人祭祀祖先最重要的节日。清明节源于周朝，有2000多年的历史。清明是中国24节气(24 solar terms)之一，它预示着春天的到来。寒食节是人们为祖先扫墓、吃冷食的节日。清明与寒食节相连，因此二者后来逐渐成为一个节日，扫墓和吃冷食成了清明的习俗。清明成了富有文化含义、意义重大的纪念节日。从古代起，就有很多有关清明的艺术作品和诗作。其中，唐代诗人杜牧写的《清明》家喻户晓。

（分数：10.00）
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正确答案：()
春节年夜饭菜谱
赵本山出生日期解析：Tomb-Sweeping Day is the most important festival for Chinese people to offer sacrifices to ancestors. It sprang from the Zhou Dynasty, with a history of over 2000 years. Qingming is one of the 24 solar terms in China, showing the coming of spring. Cold Food Festival is a day when people sweep their ancestors" tombs and eat cold food. Qingming was close to Cold Food Festival, so later on they gradually became one festival, and sweeping tombs and eating cold food turned into the customs of Qingming. Qingming has evolved into a culture-rich and meaningful remembrance day. Since the ancient times, there have been a lot of works of art and poems about Qingming怎样把歌曲下载到手机上 . Of these, the " Tomb-Sweeping Day " composed by the poet Du Mu in the Tang Dynasty is a household name.
2.网上购物(online shopping)是中国近几年日益流行的新型购物方式。人们在购物网站搜索自己想要的物品，在网上发出电子订单并付款。卖家则通过快递公司送货上门。网上购物的主要人最初是大学生和白领，现在大多数的网民(netizen)都有过网购的经历。过去十年来，购物网站的数量也有了大幅增加，所售商品也日益丰富。有人认为方便和低价是网上购物迅速发展的重要原因。

（分数：20.00）
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正确答案：()
解析：Online shopping is a new shopping mode increasingly popular in China in recent years. People search for goods they want in shopping websites, then make electronic orders and pay online. The sellers deliver commodities to customers" homes via the express company. The major groups who shopped online were primarily university students and white collars. At present, the great majority of netizens have the experience of shopping online. In the last decade, the number of shopping websites has increased tremendously and the commodities sold online become more colorful by the day. Some people hold that convenience and low price are important reasons for the rapid development of online shopping. 1．第1句中的定语成分“中国近几年日益流行的”较长，故置于修饰词shopping mode的后面作后置定语，译为increasingly popular in…。
2．第2句中的两个汉语短句存在先后顺序，故增译then进行衔接；“自己想要的”可译为定语从句(they want)，用来修饰“物品(goods)”。
3．第4句开头的定语“网上购物的”可译为由who引导的定语从句，修饰中心词“主要人(the major groups)”；“有过网购的经历”可直译为have the ，也可按其意思，简单译为have shopped online。
4．倒数第2句中的两个短旬主语不同，故可译为并列句，用and来连接；“有了大幅增加”可译为“动词+副词”的形式，即has increased tremendously。
3.赛龙舟(Dragon Boat Race)是端午节的主要习俗，这一传统最早出现于战国时代(Warring States Period)。相传古时楚国人因为不舍得贤臣屈原投江而死，许多人划船追赶去救他，但依然不见其踪迹。此后每年农历五月五日，人们都赛龙舟来纪念他。人们觉得划龙舟可以驱散江中的鱼儿，以避免它们吃掉屈原的尸体。现在，赛龙舟除了纪念屈原，还成为了一种比赛项目。1980年，赛龙舟被列入中国国家体育比赛项目。

（分数：106.50）
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正确答案：()
解析：First appeared in the Warring States Period, Dragon Boat Race is the main custom of the Dragon Boat Festival. According to the legend, people of Chu State were reluctant to see Qu Yuan (an excellent minister in Chu State) throw himself into the river, so a large number of people rowed to save him but failed. Hereafter people hold Dragon Boat Race to commemorate him on the fifth day of May to the lunar calendar in each year. It is believed that Dragon Boat Race can disperse the fish in river to prevent Qu Yuan"s body from being eaten by the fish. Now Dragon Boat Race is not only an activity to commemorate Qu Yuan, but also a competition event around China. It was listed into the state sports competition programs in 1980.
4.景泰蓝 (cloisonné)是驰名中外的传统工艺，它集青铜艺术、瓷器和雕刻诸种工艺制作技巧于一身，是一门地道的北京绝活。它是收藏家收藏的佳品，也是人们居家使用的精美物品。这项工艺始创于明代景泰年间，初创时的颜主要是蓝，故得名“景泰蓝”。到了成
杀跳蚤>利率怎么算
化年间，景泰蓝技术进一步成熟，这个时期的作品沉稳凝重又透明灵动，而且铜胎也极为讲究。

（分数：20.00）心酸的句子
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正确答案：()
解析：Cloisonné is a traditional art widely known in and outside China. It is an exclusive technique of Beijing, which combines the skills of bronze art, porcelain, carving and other types of crafts. It is deemed valuable in the eyes of collectors, as well as refined ornaments for daily use. The making of cloisonné first appeared during the Jingtai reign of the Ming Dynasty, with the main colour used being blue, hence the name "Jingtai Blue" as it became known later on. By the time of the Chenghua reign, the techniques for making cloisonné were further developed, with products of this period looking dignified yet not lacking in eloquence or vividness. Moreover, its cast was always made of choice c
opper.
5.《清明上河图》描绘的是北宋都城汴京在清明时节的繁华热闹的景象。清明上河是当时的民间风俗，如像今天的节日集会，人们籍以参加商贸活动。全图规模宏大，结构严谨，大致分为三个段落：第一段是市郊景画，第二段是汴河，第三段是城内街市。先是汴京郊外的景象。农民在田里耕作，有钱人扫墓归来。接着又描绘汴河的街市。汴京作为当时政治、经济、文化的中心，城中官府衙门、民居宅院、作坊店铺、茶肆酒楼，屋宇错落，林林总总，街上车水马龙，九流三教，应有尽有，百业兴隆，热闹非凡。画家通过对汴京城内建筑、商贸、交通、运输几个方面的描绘，再现了北宋都城的繁华和发达。

（分数：106.50）
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正确答案：()
解析：A famous painting in ancient China, Riverside Scene at the Qingming Festival, dep
icts the bustling and flourishing streets of Bianjing——the capital city of the Northern Song Dynasty—during the Qingming Festival—a festival for mourning ancestors. At Qingming Festival, going to Bian River was a custom at that time, when people would engage in business activities, like holiday gatherings of today. The painting features grand and complex scenes with a rigorous structure, which can be divided into three parts, scenes of the suburbs, Bian River and city streets. In the suburban part, farmers are working in the fields and the rich are returning from tombsweeping. Then, the part of Bianjing city, the political, economic and cultural center of that time is presented in section three. The streets are lined with government buildings, residential houses, workshops, teahouses and restaurants. The heavy traffic of the streets and people from all walks of life, coming and going, can be seen in the picture, all conveying an atmosphere of excitement and bustle. The depiction of the architecture, business and transportation in Bianjing vividly reflects the prosperity of the capital city of the Northern Song Dynasty. ·城中官府衙门、民居宅院、作坊店铺、茶肆酒楼，屋宇错落，林林总总。
中文善用四字结构，从属关系不明确。译成英文时首先就要到句子主要结构。“官府衙门
、民居宅院、作坊店铺、茶肆酒楼”为此句主语，但是英文中无法接受“头重脚轻”的句子。故此以“The streets”为主语，“屋宇错落，林林总总”转译为“be lined with”转为谓语部分，将汉语的主语置于最后，这样符合英文中将重要信息放在前面的表达习惯。
·画家通过对汴京城内建筑、商贸、交通、运输几个方面的描绘，再现了北宋都城的繁华和发达。
重组句子结构进而变译。中心句为“画家再现了北宋都城的繁华和发达”，“通过对汴京城内建筑、商贸、交通、运输几个方面的描绘”为状语部分。不宜按照汉语顺序，否则状语部分过于肿胀。因此将状语部分转为“The depiction of the architecture，business and transportation”的名词结构作主语，省略原主语“画家”。

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