2019届二轮复习书面表达专题 特殊句式使高级表达彰显
特殊句式是英语中的高级表达，其中，强调和倒装句型是最为常见的特殊句式，它们的准确使用能够彰显考生的英语水平，提高写作档次。另外there be句型在写作中也是一种常见的高级表达。
一、重点突出的强调句型
强调句型可强调除谓语动词和表语外的其他任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。强调句型的灵活运用不仅有助于增强表达效果，突出要强调的重点，更能彰显考生对英语表达的把握能力。其基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他。
It is because it's a good chance for you to learn the natural knowledge of China and make new friends that I really wish you can join us.(2017·浙江高考写作佳句)
这是因为它是你了解中国的自然知识和结交新朋友的好机会，我真的希望你能加入我们。
在写作中，我们可以通过强调句型将句子提高到一个新的档次，写作时可采用“四步法”：
第一步：写出一个句子
第二步：出要强调的句子成分。
第三步：根据句子时态确定用is还是was。
第四步：套用“It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that＋其他”句式。
[示例]
1．It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他．
It was at ten o'clock that I got home last night.
我是在昨晚十点到家的。
2．Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他？
Was it in that park that the children saw the strange green objects?
正是在那个公园里孩子们看见了那些奇怪的绿物体吗？
3．特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他？
When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher?
是什么时候你下定决心要当一名志愿者老师的？
4．It is/was not until ... that ...
It was not until all the fish in the river died out that the villagers realized how serious the pollution is.
直到河里所有的鱼都死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。
5．强调谓语时，借助于do/does/did＋动词原形
I do cherish the educational opportunity and I always adopt the motto to serve as a remin
der.
我确实珍视这个受教育的机会，总是把这个箴言当作座右铭。
[即时演练] 用强调句式进行句型转换
1．(2015·四川高考书面表达)By the way, I hope that you can help me improve my English writing ability, especially the proper use of vocabulary and some important grammar.(强调谓语)
→_By_the_way,_I_do_hope_that_you_can_help_me_improve_my_English_writing_ability,_especially_the_proper_use_of_vocabulary_and_some_important_grammar.
2．(2015·湖南高考书面表达)The teacher's praise contributes to my success.(强调主语)
→It_is_the_teacher's_praise_that_contributes_to_my_success.
3．(2014·重庆高考书面表达)We spend the time and energy on the present that makes it valuable rather than the money we pay.(强调宾语)
→It_is_the_time_and_energy_we_spend_on_the_present_that_makes_it_valuable_rather_than_the_money_we_pay.
二、平衡句子的倒装句型
在写作中，倒装句型应用比较广泛，涉及的句型主要包括部分倒装和全部倒装。
1．“only＋状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
Only in this way can we students study happily and effectively.(2015·湖南高考写作佳句)
只有以这种方式，我们学生才能愉快、有效地学习。
2．none, neither, nor, not, never, hardly, little, seldom等否定词，以及由no构成的否定短语如at no time, by no means等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
No sooner/Hardly had he finished his talk than/when he was surrounded by the excited workers.
他刚一结束讲话就被兴奋的工人们围了起来。
3．在so/such ... that ...结构中，当so/such ...位于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。
So excited was I that I couldn't wait to try my hand at riding it.
我太激动了，迫不及待地想试着骑骑。
4．as/though引导让步状语从句时，从句的表语、状语、谓语动词要位于句首，构成部分倒装。
Child as/though he is, he knows a lot about astronomy.
虽然他是个孩子，但他知道很多天文学知识。
5．在非真实条件句中，条件句中的if省略时，助动词had, were, should要提到主语前。
Were I two years younger, I would suggest that I invest in today.
如果我年轻两岁，我会建议投资现在。
Looking back, I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.
回顾以往，我感觉如果我失去了信心就学不会骑自行车。
6．here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, on the wall, in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用全部倒装。
In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit three students.(2015·上海高考写作佳句)
在图画中，三个学生围坐在桌子周围，桌子上有三本书。
For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together.
有一段时间什么也没发生，然后传来了大家一起喊叫的声音。
[即时演练] 用倒装句型进行句型转换
1．(2016·北京高考书面表达)His poems Not only have a strong influence on the Chinese literature, but also his poems have been translated into many foreign languages.
→Not_only_do_his_poems_have_a_strong_influence_on_the_Chinese_literature,_but_also_his_poems_have_been_translated_into_many_foreign_languages.
2．(2016·天津高考书面表达)You are so kind and considerate that we hope to be friends with you no matter where you are.
→So_kind_and_considerate_are__you__that_2015高考时间we_hope_to_be_friends_with_you_no_matter_where_you_are.
3．The children can grow up to be mentally and physically healthy only in this way.
→Only_in_this_way_can_the_children_grow_up_to_be_mentally_and_physically_healthy.
4．The local government didn't realize the problem until the river was seriously polluted.
→Not_until_the_river_was_seriously_polluted_did_the_local_government_realize_the_problem.
5．A group of young men rushed out, still discussing the performance with great interest.
→Out_rushed_a_group_of_young_men,_still_discussing_the_performance_with_great_interest.
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