语篇填空（10选10）
选词填空是一种常见的中考题型,它考查在具体的语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力。考生应掌握词形变换、习惯用法和各种时态及主谓一致,然后结合篇章弄清上下文间的逻辑关系或内在联系并做出正确选择。
1.解答选词填空的步骤如下:
(1)首先阅读待选词,标上词性,以方便填空时确定其语法功能;(2)然后通读短文了解其大意;(3)边读边选词,遇到困难时应该善于比较分析细微词义以及语法或搭配要求;(4)最后再复读全文,检查整篇文章是否通顺流畅。
2.注意事项
(1)名词需确定其单复数形式;(2)动词需考虑时态及语态;(3)形容词、副词需考虑是否用比较级;(4)代词应考虑用哪种形式等。
一
请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。
this ，explain ，skill ，say ，information ，than ，again ，polite ，available ，smile
How you speak on the telephone is very important. If you use good telephone 1 , the caller will be happy. If not, they may not want to deal with(打交道)you or your company 2 .
First, make sure you answer the call formally(正式地), giving your name and the name of your company. 3 will let the caller know that you are professional.
You should also remember 4 as you speak, and use a friendly tone (语调). If you sound bored or too busy, the caller will think you are impolite.
Your choice of words can make a big difference, too. For example, if you have not heard what a caller 5 , it is much more polite to say “I’m sorry. Could you say that again, please?” 6 to simply say “What?”.
Similarly, if a caller asks to speak to someone, don’t just say“yes”or“no”. If the person is 7 , say that you will put the caller through to them. If they are unavailable, 8 where they are, and then take a message.
In either situation, you will also need to get some 9 about the caller, such as their name or company. Make sure you get all that you need and, most importantly, ask for it 10 !
1.【答案】skills
【解析】由下文可知,整篇文章都在讲打电话时的一些技巧。故填skills。
2.【答案】again
【解析】句意:不然的话,他们可能不想再与你和你的公司打交道了。由句意可知本空填again。
3.【答案】This
【解析】设空处缺少主语。根据语境,所给词中能作主语的只有指示代词this,指代前句打电话时的正确做法。
4.【答案】to smile
【解析】根据本句中的use a friendly tone可知,作者建议打电话时要记得面带微笑。
5.【答案】said
【解析】设空处缺少谓语动词。打电话者说话在前,没听清在后,故这里应用say的过去式said。
6.【答案】than
【解析】由本空前的much more polite可知,本句为比较级的句式,故本空填than。
7.【答案】available
【解析】根据有对比关系的后文 If they are unavailable 可知,这里填available。
8.【答案】explain
【解析】如果对方要的人不在,要向对方解释清楚他们在哪儿,然后捎个口信。if引导条件状语从句,根据“主将从现”可知本空填动词原形,故填explain。
9.【答案】information
【解析】根据本句中的such as their name or company可知,这里指的是打电话者的信息。故本空填information。
10.【答案】politely
【解析】打电话的时候,最重要的是要有礼貌。本空应用副词修饰动词短语ask for,故填politely。
二
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。
he,happy,baby,save,arm,volunteer,clean,quick,work,turn
Wang Ping is a cleaner. He has 1 in a park for 5 years. He is also a good father. Nothing can make him 2 than playing with his little daughter in his free time.
Last Tuesday afternoon, while he was 3 the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He ran up 4 to see what happened. The woman’s 15-month-old baby girl choked(窒息)on a small piece of pear and her face 5 purple. The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so nervous that she didn’t know how to save her daughter properly. Luckily, Wang Ping knew what to do. He took the baby in his 6 without thinking twice. With the mother’s help, Wang Ping held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats(轻拍)on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth and the baby began to cry. Her mom was so thankful because her daughter was 7 .
Wang Ping tried his best and saved the 8 life. In his mind, helping others is just helping 9 . He hoped more people could 10 to help the people in need if possible.
1.【答案】worked
【解析】句意:王平在一个公园工作五年了。根据句意和时态可知应用动词的过去分词形式。
2.【答案】happier
【解析】由句中than可知应用形容词比较级。
3.【答案】cleaning
【解析】王平是清洁工,所以他的工作是“清扫”公园。描述的动作在过去某个时间正在进行,用过去进行时,其构成为was/were+v.-ing。故用现在分词。
4.【答案】quickly
【解析】设空处修饰ran,故用副词。
5.【答案】turned
【解析】表示颜变化用turn。文章说的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。
6.【答案】arms
【解析】句意:他不假思索就把孩子抱住。take sb. in one’s arms把某人抱在怀里。
7.【答案】saved
【解析】设空处为一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为was/were+过去分词。
8.【答案】baby’s
can的过去式【解析】设空处后有名词,故用名词所有格。
9.【答案】himself
【解析】句意:在他看来,帮助别人就是帮助自己。由句意可知用反身代词。
10.【答案】volunteer
【解析】情态动词could后跟动词原形。volunteer to do sth.意为“志愿(主动)做某事”。
三
请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。
know ，life ，different ，back ，and ，interesting ，sign ，real ，find ，they
The planet Mars is the closest and most similar planet to Earth. It is very 1 to scientists. For example, Mars has seasons with 2 weather, but other planets have the same temperatures all year round. Was there 3 on Mars?
To find out, scientists need 4 if Mars ever had water. In 2004, two robot explorers(探测器),or‘rovers’,called Spirit and Opportunity were sent to look for 5 of water. These rovers can drive over rocks 6 all kinds of rough ground. They can also use cameras and send photos 7 to Earth. First, the two rovers found chemicals and patterns(图纹)in the rocks that were probably made by water. Then, they moved to another area and 8
other rocks which may have been created by water. Now scientists think there was probably water on the planet long ago. Today 9 are still not sure if there was life on Mars. They 10 need more information to decide. The discoveries of the two rovers answered some old questions, but they also brought up many new ones.
1.【答案】interesting
【解析】下文讲到科学家一直在探索火星,所以科学家对火星很感兴趣,故填interesting。
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