不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法
不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法
一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是td。如:
cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread
特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如:
come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome
三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如:
1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如:
lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent
2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如:
sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held
3. eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如:
keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept
4. 过去式和过去分词都以aughough结尾的动词。如:
buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught
5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如:
say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid
6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如:
have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-m
et-met, feel-felt-felt
四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变ia,在过去分词中变iu。如:
begin-began-begun, sing-sang-sung
五、以字母owaw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如:
blow-blew-blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known
六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加nen,变成以en结尾的单词。如:
rise-rose-risen, arise-arose-arisegive-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate -eaten
特殊: write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten
(1)AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费)cost –cost    cut(割) cut—cut  hit(打)hit-- hit
hurt 伤害)hurt -- hurt    let(让) let-- let    put(放)put-- put
read (读) read-- read    spread (伸展/ 传播) spread -- spread
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(打败) beat-- beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成)became-- become  come(来) came--  come  run(跑) ran-- run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) dug-- dug          get(得到) got-- got        hang(吊死) hanged--  hanged
hang(悬挂) hung -- hung    hold(抓住) held--  held      lay (产卵) laid-- laid
shine(照耀) shone -- shone  sit(坐) sat--  sat          win (赢) won--  won
meet(遇见) met—met        keep (保持) kept -- kept    sleep(睡) slept--  slept
sweep(扫) swept--  swept    feel(感觉) felt – felt        flee (逃跑) fled--  fled
smell(闻) smelt – smelt        leave(离开) left -- left      build(建设) built--  built
lend(借出) lent-- lent          send (传送) sent--  sent    spend(花费) spent -- spent
sink (沉下)sunk /sank -- snuk /sunken            lose (丢失) lost l-- ost
burn (燃烧) burnt – burnt      learn(学习) learnt--  learnt  mean(意思是)meant--  meant
catch(抓住) caught -- caught    teach(教) taught-- taught    bring(带来) brought -- brought
fight (战斗) fought -- fought      buy(买) bought – bought    think(想) thought--  thought
hear (听见) heard--  heard    sellfind的过去式(卖) sold—sold          tell(告诉) told-- told
say(说) said—said            find(到) found—found      feed ( 饲养 )fed-- fed
have/has() had – had          make(制造) made-- made      stand(站) stood -- stood
smell (闻)smelled /smelt -- smelled /smelt          stick (粘贴 /) stuck -- stuck
spell (拼写)spelt/spelled -- spelt/spelled              spit (吐唾沫)spat -- spat
understand(明白)understood -- understood
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始)began begun drink(喝) drank drunk hide (躲藏)hid hidden
ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung swim(游泳) swam swum
blow(吹) blew blown draw (画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known throw(投掷)threw thrown
show(出示) showed shown break(打破)broke broken choose(选择)chose chosen
forget(忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot) freeze (结冰/ 凝固)froze frozen speak(说) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woke drive(驾驶)drove driven eat(吃) ate eaten
fall(落下) fell fallen give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken ride(骑) rode ridden
write(写) wrote written do(做) did done go(去) went gone lie(平躺) lay lain
see(看见) saw seen wear (穿) wore worn be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were
6)只有过去式,无过去分词
can---could  will---would  shall---should  may---might  must---might
现在分词双写最后辅音字母
Putting  unning  sitting  shopping  winning  beginning  swimming  forgetting  getting  writin
g
1.      动词主要的时态(时间或关键词来判断)
2.      名词有可不可数的问题,及可数中有单复数,数量的表达法。
3.      人称代词有五种格式:主格,宾格,形容词性物主代词,名词性物主代词,反身代词,

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