不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法
一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如:
cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread
特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如:
come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome
三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如:
1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如:
lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent
2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如:
sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held
3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如:
keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept
4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如:
buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught
5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如:
say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid
6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如:
have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-m
et-met, feel-felt-felt
四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如:
begin-began-begun, sing-sang-sung
五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如:
blow-blew-blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known
六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如:
rise-rose-risen, arise-arose-arise,give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate -eaten
特殊: write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten
(1)AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费)cost –cost cut(割) cut—cut hit(打)hit-- hit
hurt 伤害)hurt -- hurt let(让) let-- let put(放)put-- put
read (读) read-- read spread (伸展/ 传播) spread -- spread
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(打败) beat-- beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成)became-- become come(来) came-- come run(跑) ran-- run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) dug-- dug get(得到) got-- got hang(吊死) hanged-- hanged
hang(悬挂) hung -- hung hold(抓住) held-- held lay (产卵) laid-- laid
shine(照耀) shone -- shone sit(坐) sat-- sat win (赢) won-- won
meet(遇见) met—met keep (保持) kept -- kept sleep(睡) slept-- slept
sweep(扫) swept-- swept feel(感觉) felt – felt flee (逃跑) fled-- fled
smell(闻) smelt – smelt leave(离开) left -- left build(建设) built-- built
lend(借出) lent-- lent send (传送) sent-- sent spend(花费) spent -- spent
sink (沉下)sunk /sank -- snuk /sunken lose (丢失) lost l-- ost
burn (燃烧) burnt – burnt learn(学习) learnt-- learnt mean(意思是)meant-- meant
catch(抓住) caught -- caught teach(教) taught-- taught bring(带来) brought -- brought
fight (战斗) fought -- fought buy(买) bought – bought think(想) thought-- thought
hear (听见) heard-- heard sellfind的过去式(卖) sold—sold tell(告诉) told-- told
say(说) said—said find(到) found—found feed ( 饲养 )fed-- fed
have/has(有) had – had make(制造) made-- made stand(站) stood -- stood
smell (闻)smelled /smelt -- smelled /smelt stick (粘贴 /刺) stuck -- stuck
spell (拼写)spelt/spelled -- spelt/spelled spit (吐唾沫)spat -- spat
understand(明白)understood -- understood
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始)began begun drink(喝) drank drunk hide (躲藏)hid hidden
ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung swim(游泳) swam swum
blow(吹) blew blown draw (画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known throw(投掷)threw thrown
show(出示) showed shown break(打破)broke broken choose(选择)chose chosen
forget(忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot) freeze (结冰/ 凝固)froze frozen speak(说) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woke drive(驾驶)drove driven eat(吃) ate eaten
fall(落下) fell fallen give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken ride(骑) rode ridden
write(写) wrote written do(做) did done go(去) went gone lie(平躺) lay lain
see(看见) saw seen wear (穿) wore worn be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were
(6)只有过去式,无过去分词
can---could will---would shall---should may---might must---might
现在分词双写最后辅音字母
Putting unning sitting shopping winning beginning swimming forgetting getting writin
g
1. 动词主要的时态(时间或关键词来判断)
2. 名词有可不可数的问题,及可数中有单复数,数量的表达法。
3. 人称代词有五种格式:主格,宾格,形容词性物主代词,名词性物主代词,反身代词,
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198,我们将在24小时内删除。
发表评论