八年级英语上册unit 1 how often do you exercise 人教新目标版
八年级英语Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 人教新目标版【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
［学习过程］
一. 单元内容：
How often do you exercise?
二. 单元目标：
1. Wh- 问句
2. How often……？问句
3. 表示频率的副词
4. 不定代词all, most, some, none的用法。
三. 重点单词：
always adv. 总是usually adv. 通常
often adv. 经常sometimes adv. 有时
hardly ever 几乎不曾；很少never adv. 从不
exercise v. 锻炼n. 练习shop v. 购物n. 商店
skateboarding n. 溜滑板运动once adv. 一次
twice adv. 两次three times a week 一周三次
every day 每天milk n. 牛奶
junk food 垃圾食品drink v. 喝. n. 饮料
四. 重点短语
how often 多长时间一次  a lot of 许多
look after 照料try to do sth 尽力去做某事
start with 以……开始as for 至于
make a difference 有重要性do exercise 做运动
surf the internet 上网
五. 重点句子
1. What do you usually do on weekends?
周末你通常做什么？
I usually play soccer.
我经常踢足球。
2. What do they do on weekends?
他们周末干什么？
They often go to the movies.
他们经常去看电影。
3. What does he do on weekends?
他周末干什么？how are you是什么意思
He sometimes watches TV.
他有时候看电视。
4. How often do you shop?
你经常购物吗？/ 你多久购物一次？
I shop once a month.
我一个月购物一次。
5. How often does he watch TV?
他多久看一次电视？/ 他经常看电视吗？
He watches TV twice a week.
他一周看电视两次。
六. 重、难点解析
1. 频度副词
always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly和never是英语中最常见的频度副词，它们在句中的位置大致相同：通常放在行为动词之前，系动词be、助动词和情态动词之后。但它们所表示的含义及频度是各不相同的。
（1）always的频度为100%，表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永远地”。例如：
The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳总是东升西落。
Customers are always right.
顾客永远是对的。
▲always与进行时态连用，并不强调动作正在进行，而是表示说话人的“赞扬”、“不满”、“厌烦”等情绪，有强烈的感情彩。例如：
She is always thinking of how she can do more for people.
她总是在考虑怎样为人们多做些事。（表示赞扬）
He was always asking for money.
他总是要钱。（表示厌烦）
She is always asking for leave.
她总是请假。（表示不满）
▲always与not连用，表示部分否定，意思是“不总是”。例如：
The rich are not always happy.
有钱人未必总是幸福的。
（2）usually的频度为70%左右，意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。例如：
He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock.
他通常10点钟睡觉。
（3）often的频度为50%左右，意为“常常”，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断。例如：
He is often late for school.
他上学经常迟到。
▲very often语气比often重，常位于句首或句末。例如：
He doesn’t go to London very often.
他不常去伦敦。
（4）sometimes的频度为20%左右，意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。例如：
It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold.
天气忽冷忽热。
Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.
他有时这样做，有时那样做。
（5）hardly的频度为5%左右，意为“几乎不”、“简直不”，常和ever连用表示强调。例如：
I hardly ever go out these days.
这些天我几乎不出门。
（6）never的频度为0，意为“从来不”、“永不”。例如：
My parents are never late for work.
我父母上班从来不迟到。
2. 注意sometimes与几个形似的词的区别。
a. sometime是副词，意为“在某个时候”，“某时”
eg：Will you come again sometime next week?
She was there sometime last year.
b. some time是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用
eg：I will stay here for some time.
He worked on the trouble for some time.
c. some times是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”。
eg：I met him some times in the street last month.
The factory is some times larger than that one.
3. 不定代词all“全部”，most“大部分”，some“一些”，no“没有一个”的用法，这些词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
eg：All the waiters in the restaurant are very busy.
All the students in our school have to wear school uniforms.
I know most people in this party.
Gina has some beautiful scarfs.
No children can sing this song.
4. 疑问词how的用法
（1）怎样，用什么手段，方法。
How did he do it?
I don’t know how to swim.
（2）情况如何（指身体健康状况）
How are you?
How’s it going with Tom?
（3）how many，how much表示“多少”
how many后接可数名词复数，how much接不可数名词。
How many times do you go to the park?
How many tickets do we need?
How much water is there?
How much are those pants?
（4）how often是对动作发生的“次数”提问
eg：How often do you play tennis?
How often do you surf the internet.
5. time表示不可数名词，意为“时间”。
表示可数名词，意为“次数，倍数”。
eg：What time is it?
Time and tide never wait for men.
I go to the movies three times a week.
The size of the new museum is four times larger than the old one.
注意“次数”的表达方法
一次once
两次twice
三次或三次以上用基数词加上times，three times、five times、one hundred times.
表示“……几次”的表达方法是：twice a month、once a month、three times a week、once a year.
6. be good for意为“对……有好处”，其反义词为“be bad for”。
eg：Drinking milk is good for your health.
Eating too much sugar is bad for your teeth.
Reading English is good for studying English.
7. as for意为“就……而论”，“至于”
eg：As for fruit，I eat it sometimes.
8. want sb to do.意为“想让某人做某事”。
eg：He wants me to do exercise every day.
His mother wants him to be a reporter.
有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语。
如：ask sb. to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth.
help sb. (to) do sth.等
9. exercise的用法。
（1）作可数名词复数exercises。意为“运动、体操”。
（2）作不可数名词，意为“练习、习题”。
eg：I have to do so much exercise.
He bought a new exercise book.
（3）作动词，意为“练习、运动”。
eg：—How often do you exercise?
—I exercise every day.
七. 课文解析SB. 3a
…but I’m pretty healthy. I exercise every day, usually when I come home from school. And my eating
habits are pretty good. I try to eat a lot of vegetables, usually ten to eleven times a week. And I eat fruit every day and I drink milk every day. Of course, I love junk food, too, but I try to eat it only once a week, oh, and I sleep nine hours every night. So you see, I look after my health. And my healthy lifestyle helps me get good grade. Good food and exercise help me to study better.
1. pretty表示“十分”作副词用，我们以前学过quite和very也有这种意思。其中它们的程度由浅入深为quite→pretty→very.
eg：He is quite serious.
It sounds pretty good.
Nina can sing English songs very well.
2. I exercise every day, usually when I come home from school.
我每天锻炼身体，通常是放学后。
3. eating habits“饮食习惯”。
4. try to do sth意为“尽力去做某事”。
eg：Try to get here early.
He tried to pass the exam.
5. ten to eleven times a week.“每周十到十一次”。
注意这种表达。“to”为介词。
翻译：（1）两到三次。
twice to three times.
（2）每月四到五次。
four to five times a month.
6. Of course. “当然”。
7. So you see, I look after my health.
“所以你看，我很在意我的健康”。
look after 意为“照顾、照看”。
eg：Can you look after my baby when I leave?
Please look after your own bags carefully.
look还可以和许多词搭配，但意思不一样。
（1）look at“看，认真地看”。
eg：Please look at the blackboard.
Some people are looking at the notice.

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