专题19 短文填空
考点5 提示词填空
（一）
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。
Zhang Yugun is head of Heihumiao Primary School in Henan Province. He ___1___ (be) a person full of love and responsibility(责任).
After graduation in 2001, Zhang chose to work in the poor countryside. Over the past 21 years, he ___2___ (see) many teachers come and go because of the poor conditions in the
village. However, he has stayed on and made every effort to help the children deal with their ___3___ (problem).
One winter, travelling on the mountain road was much ___4___ (difficult) than usual. The school was about to start, but those ___5___ (student) books were still in a town outside the village. Then Zhang and another teacher left early in the morning with a shoulder pole(扁担). They carried back kilos of books. When they ___6___ (get) to the school, they were both covered in mud(泥), but the books were protected ___7___ (good). In 2006, a cement road(水泥路) ___8___ (build) in the village. So Zhang started to carry the books with a motorbike. Although four motorbikes broke down, he never ___9___ (stop).
In order to provide better care for the students whose parents had left the village to find work in the city, Zhang asked his wife to give up her job to help ___10___ (cook) and clean for the students. Thanks to the teachers like Zhang, the students in Heihumiao Primary School are able to learn at school and hope for a brighter future.
【答案】1. is 2. has seen
3. problems
4. more difficult
5. students’
6. got 7. well
8. was built
9. stopped 10. cook
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍张玉滚的个人事迹。
【1题详解】
句意：他是一个充满爱心和责任感的人。时态是一般现在时，主语是He，故填is。
【2题详解】
句意：在过去的21年里，他目睹了许多教师因为村里的恶劣条件来了又走。根据“Over the past 21 years”可知，时态是现在完成时（have/has done），主语是he，助动词使用has，故填has seen。
【3题详解】
句意：然而，他留下了，并尽一切努力帮助孩子们解决他们的问题。孩子们的问题不止一个，用名词复数形式，故填problems。
【4题详解】
句意：有一年冬天，在山路上行走比平时难得多。根据“than usual”可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填more difficult。
【5题详解】
句意：学校就要开学了，但那些学生的书还在村外的一个小镇上。those修饰可数名词复数，此处作定语修饰books，所以用名词复数的所有格，故填students’。
【6题详解】
句意：当他们到达学校时，他们都满身是泥，但书被保护得很好。根据“were”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填got。
【7题详解】
句意：当他们到达学校时，他们都满身是泥，但书被保护得很好。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填well。
【8题详解】
句意：2006年，村里修建了一条水泥路。主语“a cement road”是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词使用was，故填was built。
【9题详解】
句意：虽然有四辆摩托车坏了，但他从未停下来。根据“broke down”可知，时态是一般过
去时，动词用过去式，故填stopped。
【10题详解】
句意：为了更好地照顾那些父母离开农村到城市工作的学生们，张要求他的妻子放弃工作，帮学生做饭和打扫卫生。此处与clean并列，help do sth“帮助做某事”，使用动词原形，故填cook。
（二）
（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，使语篇意思完整，必要时请用否定式。
Many have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is ___11___ (really) popular in southern China. But do you realize that you’re killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup?
When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocea
n. This is not only cruel, but also ___12___ (harm) to the environment. Without a fin, a shark ___13___ (can) swim any longer and slowly dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. If ___14___ (they) numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the ___15___ (strong) in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks ___16___ (catch) and traded in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks ___17___ (fall) by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
___18___ (environmental) protection groups around the world are teaching the public about “finning”. They have even asked governments ___19___ (develop) laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific ___20___ (study) have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? Help save the sharks!
【答案】11. really
12. harmful
13. can’t##cannot
14. their中国名菜 15. strongest
16. are caught
17. have fallen
18. Environmental
19. to develop
20. studies
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了因为人类大量捕杀鲨鱼，导致鲨鱼的数量急剧下降，使整个海洋生态系统处于危险之中，所以作者呼吁人们停止捕杀鲨鱼。
【11题详解】
句意：这道名菜名贵，在中国南方真的很受欢迎。此处修饰形容词popular用副词really“真
地”。故填really。
【12题详解】
句意：这不仅残忍，而且对环境有害。根据“This is not only cruel, the environment”可知此处是结构“be harmful to”，意为“对……有害”，形容词作表语。故填harmful。
【13题详解】
句意：没有鳍，鲨鱼就不能再游泳，慢慢地死去。根据“Without a fin, swim”可知没有鳍，鲨鱼就不能再游泳，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，表示现在的能力用can’t/cannot“不能”。故填can’t/cannot。
【14题详解】
句意：如果它们的数量下降得太少，就会给所有海洋生物带来危险。空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”。故填their。
【15题详解】
句意：因为它们是食物链中最强壮的。根据“in their food chain”可知此处指食物链中最强壮的，用形容词的最高级strongest“最强壮的”。故填strongest。
【16题详解】
句意：但事实上，每年约有7000万条鲨鱼在这个行业被捕获和交易。句子主语sharks和谓语catch“抓住”之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are caught。
【17题详解】
句意：在过去的20到30年间，某些鲨鱼的数量下降了90%以上。fall“下降”，根据“in the last 20 to 30 years”可知句子使用现在完成时have/has done，主语是“The numbers of some kinds of sharks”，助动词用have。故填have fallen。
【18题详解】
句意：世界各地的环保组织都在向公众传授鱼翅的知识。此处修饰名词protection groups用形容词environmental“环境的”，放句首首字母大写。故填Environmental。
【19题详解】
句意：他们甚至要求政府制定法律来停止销售鱼翅。develop“发展”，ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”。故填to develop。
【20题详解】
句意：到目前为止，还没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有益。study“研究”，根据“have”可知句子主语使用名词复数。故填studies。
（三）
（2022·浙江湖州·中考真题）
根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
The tradition of tea drinking began in China thousands of years ago. It soon became ____21____ (流行的；受欢迎的) because it was healthy and gave people energy. Later, tea was brought to some countries in ____22____ (东方的) Asia, such as Japan and Korea. Nowadays, Chinese tea has become a world drink.
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