高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化
中国艺术 围棋（素材+语法填空+书面表达）
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
第一部分 话题素材积累
Weiqi(Go),together with zither playing, calligraphy and painting,is one of the four supreme artistic genres in Chinese culture. It is believed that a strong Go skill is an indication of great wisdom. As the oldest game still played in its original form, Go today is popular among men and women internationally at all ages.
围棋同琴、书、画齐名，是中国文化四大艺术流派之一。人们认为，围棋技艺高超是智慧的体现。作为一种仍以原始形式存在的最古老的游戏，围棋在今天深受世界各地男女老少的欢迎。
Weiqi originated in China and was called “围棋”（pronounced as “weiqi”）， which means “encircling game”。 But Japanese players later presented the game internationally.Consequently,the Japanese name いご（pronounced as igo) became the first associated with the game by the Western world. To simplify pronunciation, Go was then settled on as the game's accepted English name. That's why the now famous game-playing artificial intelligence（AI) program was given the name AlphaGo by its developers.
围棋起源于中国，被称为围棋（发音weiqi),意思是“包围的游戏”。但后来日本棋手将这项游戏推向了国际舞台。因此，日本名字いご（发音为igo)成为西方世界对这项游戏的第一个称呼。为了简化发音，Go被定为该游戏的英文名。这就是现在著名的人工智能围棋程序被其开发者命名为AlphaGo的原因。
In Weiqi, two players take turns placing their stones on the intersections of lines on the board. The idea is to fence off more space than your opponent, outlining your “territory” with your stones. When stones are surrounded by stones of the opposite color, they are “dead” and can be “captured”。 At the end of the game,the players figure out the amount of space they have claimed, and the one who has the most spaces wins.
围棋盘有几个交叉点在围棋中，两名棋手轮流把自己的棋子放在棋盘线的交叉点上。这样做的目的是比对手隔开更多空间，用棋子勾勒出自己的“领地”。当棋子被相反颜的棋子包围时，它们就“死”了，可以被“吃掉”。在游戏的最后，棋手计算出自己所占空间的大小，拥有最多空间的棋手获胜。
Words and Expressions
① zither n.齐特琴；扁琴
② genre n.(文学、艺术、电影或音乐的）体裁；类型
③ indication n.表明；标示；显示；象征
④ originate vi.起源；发源
⑤ encircle vt.包围
⑥ settle on 选定
⑦ take turns 轮流；依次
⑧ intersection n.交点
⑨ fence off （用栅栏、篱笆、围栏）隔开
⑩ outline vt.显示……的轮廓；勾勒……的外形
⑪territory n.领土；版图；领地
⑫围棋 weiqi;Go
⑬手谈 the hand conversation
⑭围棋盘 a weiqi board
⑮围棋子 a weiqi stone/piece
⑯和棋 a drawn game
第二部分 话题语法填空
一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The game of weiqi can date back to 4,000 years ago. There are mentions of a similar game 1_________ (call) yì made by Confucius and Mencius but it is not certain whether it is the same game.
The name “Go” comes 2_________ its name in Japan. Like many Japanese traditions it 3_________（adopt) from China during the Tang Dynasty 4_________Chinese influence was at its peak.As it made 5_________ (it) way to the West via Japan, it is the Japanese form of the game that is widely played now. The game,which can be 6_________（literal) translated as “encircling game”，was long considered to be an appropriate study for scholars as it taught people a variety of strategies.
7_________ (rule) of weiqi are extraordinarily simple. There are 180 identical white pieces and 181 identical black pieces 8_________ (fight)against each other on a board. Black starts first and then the players take it in turns to place one piece into 9_________unoccupied place on the board until all the pieces have been played. There is nothing special about a 19x19 board,and 10_________（small) sizes are used by beginners.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Weiqi is a game which can best show the deep culture of China. About 4,000 years ago the Emperor Yao created 1 game to develop the intelligence of his son, Dan Zhu. Dan Zhu, who had been rude, was turned into a learned general 2 (final). Yao educated his son with success by 3 (teach) him to play weiqi, and thus the game has passed down through generations till today.
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