IPA &KK 对照表
IPA:国际音标 48 个 元音:20个,辅音:28个
区别:1书写形式的不同.如:i: (IPA)------i (K.K.) 等.2.发音的个别不同.美式中加入卷舌音,而英式中没有卷舌音.如ə:(IPA)------ɝ (K.K.)3.此表中在最末加上了几个常见特殊的组合音标。
发音口形 | 发此音的字母或字母组合及例举单词 | |||
IPA新旧 | KK | 备注:轻松音简写“轻”,紧张音简写“紧”。舌抵下齿简写“↘”抵上齿“↗”。舌后缩简写“←”。发音口形主要是讲解KK音标。*.双元音(KK中称双母音)发音时要做到非常连贯。 | ||
i: | i | 紧,长衣,↘,面带微笑 | e, ee, ea, ie,ei, ey, eo, me, he, see, bee , sea, piece, field, receive, receipt, key, people | 前元音 |
І/ i | i | 轻,短I,↘,唇微张开 | i, y, e,ee, sit, big, six, happy, city, decide, committee | |
u: | u | 紧,长乌,←,圆唇外突 | oo, o, oe, ou, u, ue, ui, ew cool, food, spoon, do, who, shoe, true, fruit, juice, chew, brew, | 后元音 |
ʊ/ u | υ | 轻,短ʊ,←,稍圆且松 | o, u,oo, ou, wolf, woman , put, sugar, look, good, could, | |
ɔ: | ɔ | 紧,长喔,←,唇小圆突 | a, au, ou, aw, Water, call, author, ought, bought, law, saw | |
ɔr | 短喔的儿化音,← | our, or, ore,oor, oar four, lord, more, store, door, board | ||
ɒ /ɔ | ɔ/ɑ | 轻,短喔,←,唇小圆突 | o, a, ou, ow, au hot, wash, want, cough, knowledge, because | |
З:/ə: | ɝ | 重读“儿”音,一开始就卷舌 | ir, ur, ear, or, er bird, turn, learn, work,teacher | 中元音 |
ə | ɚ | 轻读卷舌音,前舌由平向卷 | er, or, ar, ure, pleasure, teacher, actor, dollar | |
ə | 轻读或弱读,“饿”音 | u, iou, o, a, I album 'ælbəm, ago, delicious dɪˈlɪʃəs, today, direct | ||
ɑ: | ɑr | ɑ的二声的儿话音 | ar, ear, heart, farm, car | 后元音 |
ɑ | 紧,啊音, | a, al, au, calm bath, pass, half, calm, laugh, aunt, | ||
ʌ | ʌ | 轻 ↘ 短啊四声 唇微开向两边 | u, o, ou, oo, luck, love, trouble, flood | 中元音 |
eI /ei | e | 口由半开到合 嘴角咧到耳朵 | a, ay, ea, ey, ai, say, eight, cake, great, rain | 合口双元音 |
e | ε | 小开口45度音 | e, a, ea, ay, ai, ie set, many, head,says, said, friend | 前元音 |
æ | æ | 紧,↘,嘴张大,嘴角向两边 | a, fat | |
双元音 | ||||
aI /ɑi | ɑı | 饱满“阿姨”音 口由开到合 | i, y, igh, eigh, ie, ei, Find, line, fly, high, height, die, either, | 合口双元音 |
əʊ /əu | o | 口形由半开到小,发“呕”音 | o, ow, oa, oe, ou no, know, mow, boat, road, toe, shoulder ˈʃəʊldə(r)], mould铸模;模型;性格 | |
aʊ/ɑu | ɑυ | 口形由大到小 发“嗷”音 | ou, ow, house, out, cow, allow | |
ɔI /ɔi | ɔı | 唇由圆到扁,←, | oy, oi, boy, joy, loyal, oil, noise | |
ʊə/υə | υr | 唇由圆到半开,短乌卷舌音 | ure, oor, our,ur, ue, sure, pure, poor, tour, during, fluently, influence | 集中双元音 |
Iə /iə | ır | 唇始终半开,短衣卷舌音 | eer, ere, ear, ier,eir deer, here, year, near, fierce, weird | |
eə | ɛr | ↘ 唇始终半开 舌由平到卷 | ear, air, are, erebear, fare, there, fair | |
特例补充(KK音标) | ||||
ju | u, ew, student, new, | k和n在词首的组合,k不发音 G在n前不发音. H和元音同时出现且在字尾时不发音.在ex后和偶尔在字首不发音. | ||
ɔŋ | ong,song, long | |||
tw | tw,twin, twenty | |||
ƙs | x,box, fox | |||
dw | dw,dwell, dwarf | |||
kw | qu, question, quick | |||
p | p | 气流冲破紧闭的双唇且无声 | p, pen, bag(n,s,t之前不发音) | 气破双唇音(爆破音) |
b | b | 气流冲破紧闭的双唇声带震动 | b, bite.(在t或m前不发音) | |
t | t | 舌尖抵上齿龈弹开舌头且无声 | t, tt,ed, tear, button, 按扭fit, | 舌尖齿龈气音(爆破音) |
d | d | 同上,但声带必须震动 | d, dd, ed, dark, afford, add, opened | |
k | k | 舌后部抵住软腭突然离开无声 | k, c, ch, che, ck, ks, cc king, cake, cock, school, ache, box, account, | 气破舌根软鄂音(爆破音) |
g | g | 同上,但声带必须震动 | g, (词首发本音 词中不发音)gh, gg, girl, ghost, bigger | |
f | f | 上齿触下唇,气流从此出无声 | f, ff, gh, ph, fe, face, off, laugh, phone, life | 唇齿相依摩擦音(摩擦音) |
v | v | 同上,但声带必须震动 | V, f , ve view, of, cave, leave | |
s | s | 唇微微张开 舌近上齿才出气 | s, ss, c, ce, sc sick, kiss, ceilling, cell, science, scent | 气通舌尖齿龈音(摩擦音) |
z | z | 同上,但声带必须震动 | z, zz,s,ss, se, ze, x, example[ɪgˈzɑ:mpl] zoo, ,puzzle, has, shoes, possess, choose, size | |
θ | θ | 上下齿轻轻咬舌尖且吐气无声 | th, thank, mouth | 唯一咬舌音(摩擦音) |
ð | ð | 同上,但声带必须震动 | th, this, the, there | |
∫ | ∫ | 唇收圆稍突 舌稍卷近舌无声 | sh, ti, ci, s,ch ship, motion, social, associate, appreciate, sure, machine, chicago, | 舌端齿龈气擦音(摩擦音) |
ӡ | ӡ | 同上,但声带必须震动 | S,si,g, pleasure, usual,vision,rouge | |
h | h 国际音标发音软件 | 嘴自然张开,呵气,无声 | h, wh, who(h在r或k之后不发音) | 大口喘气音(摩擦音) |
r | r | 舌尖上卷,唇突,声带振动 | r, rr, wr, right, red, carry, wrong | 四指卷舌音(摩擦音) |
元音后读儿 | ||||
ʧ | ʧ | 双唇微张突出 舌抵上龈且吐气无声 | ch,t tch, ti, church, nature, match, catch, question, | 气通舌尖齿龈音(破擦音) |
ʤ | ʤ | 同上,但声带必须震动 | ge, dge, d, j, g, age, vegetable, judge, education, join, joy, biology, | |
tr | tr | 唇收圆前突,舌尖抵上龈 赌气,使气从间出无声 | tr, tree,country | |
dr | dr | 同上,但声带振动 | dr, dress, dry, hundred | |
ts | ts | 舌尖抵上龈 赌气,使气从间出 | ts,boots, nuts | |
dz | dz | 同上,但声带必须震动 | ds, woods, | |
m | m | 元音前发“门儿” | m man, name (nm组合出现时,n不发音) | 双唇闭嘴音(鼻音) |
元音后发“嗯”,鼻音口紧闭 | ||||
n | n | 元音前发“n了” | n, kn,nn nice, knife, nine,runner | 舌尖齿龈开口鼻音(鼻音) |
元音后发“嗯”,鼻音口半开 | n,gn can sign(n和m同时出现n不发音) | |||
ŋ | ŋ | 唇张开,舌抵下齿龈,舌后部抵软腭,鼻音,声带振动 | -ng, n sing, English(ng发| ŋ g |) | 舌后软鄂撒娇鼻音(鼻音) |
ℓ | ℓ | 元音前发“了” | l,light, lose (l在alk,alm,alf,ould中不发音) | 舌尖齿龈清晰旁流音(舌边音) |
ł | 元音前发“儿” | l, fall, call | 舌尖齿龈含糊旁流音(舌边音) | |
w | w | 唇缩小前突 舌后起,嘴向两边滑开,声带振动 | w, wh wet, window, when, what (w和r组合出现在词首时,w不发音) | 圆唇突出短我音(半元音) |
j | j | 做呈微笑状,舌尖抵下齿,舌面贴上腭,声带振动 | y, I, u, ew, ui, ue year, yell,onion, use, refuse, few, suit, pursuit, due, cue, | 双唇扁平短爷音(半元音) |
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198,我们将在24小时内删除。
发表评论