英美文学术语大全
英美文学术语大全
下面是店铺整理的一些英美文学术语大全，欢迎大家阅读!
1.Atmosphere (氛围)
The prevailing mood or feeling of a literary work.
2. Autobiography (自传)
A person‘s account of his or her own life.
3. Ballad (民谣)
A narrative poem in short stanzas, with or without music,often of folk origin and intended to be sung. The term derives by way of French ballade from Latin ballare, "to dance," and once meant a simple song of any kind, lyric or narrative, especially one to accompany a dance. As ballads evolved, most lost their association with dance, although they kept their strong rhythms. Modern usage distinguishes three major kinds: the anonymous traditional ballad (po
pular ballad or folk ballad), transmitted orally; the broadside ballad, printed and sold on single sheets; and the literary ballad (or art ballad), a sophisticated imitation of the traditional ballad.
4. Ballad Stanza (民谣诗节)
A type of four-line stanza, the first and the third lines have four stressed words or syllables; the second and fourth lines have three stresses.
5. Biography (传记)
A detailed account of a person‘s life written by another person.
传记：由他人篆写的关于某人生平的详细记录。
6. Antithesis (对仗)
The balancing of two contrasting ideas, words, or sentences.
对仗：两组相对的思想，言辞，词句的平衡。
7. Aphorism (警句)
A concise, pointed statement expressing a wise or clever observation about life.
警句：蕴含关于人生真理的明智的看法的精练的语句。
8. Aside (旁白)
A piece of dialogue intended for the audience and supposedly not heard by other actors on stage.
旁白：只说给观众而认为不会让台上其他演员听到的一段对话。
9.Apostrophe (呼语)
The direct address of an absent or imaginary person or of a personified abstraction, especially as a digression in the course of a speech or composition.
呼语：直接称呼不在场或虚构的人物或称呼拟人的事物，尤指作为演讲或作文过程中的离题话。
10.Assonance (类韵)
The repetition of similar vowel sounds, especially in poetry.
类音，类韵：相同或相似元音的重复，尤其指在诗歌中的重复。
11.Allegory (寓言)
A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities.
A story suggests another story. An allegory is present in literature whenever it is clear that the author is saying, "By this I also mean that." In practice, allegory appears when a progression of events or images suggests a translation of them into conceptual language. Allegory is thus a technique of aligning imaginative constructs, mythological or poetic, with conceptual or moral models. During the Romantic era a distinction arose between allegory and symbol. With Coleridge, symbol took precedence: "an allegory is but a translation of abstract notions into picture-language," but "a symbol always partakes of the reality which it
makes intelligible."
寓言，讽喻：一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法，其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力。
12.Alliteration (头韵)
Alliteration is the repetition of the same initial consonant sound within a line or a group of words.Alliteration is thus the opposite of rhyme, by which the similar sounds occur at the ends of the syllables.
头韵：在一组词的开头或重读音节中对相同辅音或不同元音的重复。
13.Allusion (典故)
A reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to.
典故：作者对某些读者熟悉并能够作出反映的特定人物，地点，事件，文学作品的引用。
14.Analogy (类比)
A comparison made between two things to show the similarities between them.
类比：为了在两个事物之间出差别而进行的比较。
15. Antagonist (反面主角)
The principal character in opposition to the protagonist or hero or heroine of a narrative or drama.
反面主角：叙事文学或戏剧中与男女主人公或英雄相对立的主要人物。
16.Blank Verse (无韵体诗)
Verse written in Unrhymed iambic pentameter. See also Meter. In the 1540s Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, seems to have originated it in English as the equivalent of Virgil's unrhymed dactylic hexameter. In Gorboduc (1561), Thomas Sackville and Thomas Norton introduced blank verse into the drama, whence it soared with Marlowe and Shakespeare in the 1590s.
Milton forged it anew for the epic in Paradise Lost (1667).
17. Caesura (休止)
A break or pause in a line of poetry.
18. Canto (章)
One of the principal divisions of a long poem..
诗章：一首长诗的主要部分之一。
19. Caricature (夸张讽刺)
The use of exaggeration or distortion to make a figure appear comic or ridiculous.
夸张讽刺：为了使文中的人物显得可笑而使用的夸张或扭曲人物形象的手法。
20. Characterization (人物刻画)
The means by which a writer reveals the personality of a character.
人物刻画：作者表现作品中人物性格的方法。
21. Classicism (古典主义)
A movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome.
古典主义：一种在文学，艺术，音乐领域体现古代希腊，罗马风格的运动。
22. Climax (高潮)
The point of greatest intensity, interest, or suspense in a narrative.
23. Comedy (喜剧)
A dramatic work that is often humorous or satirical in tone and usually contains a happy resolution of the thematic conflict.
喜剧：轻松的和常有幽默感的或在调子上是讽刺的戏剧作品，常包括主题冲突的愉快解决

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