2019年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷
Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.
1．（10分）
Just How Buggy is Your Phone？
What item in your home crawls with the most germs？If you say （1）toilet seat，you're wrong．Kitchen sponges top the list．But cell phones are pretty dirty too．They contain around 10times as many germs as toilet seats．People touch their phones，laptops，and other digital devices all day long，yet rarely clean them．
In one incident，a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone．He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola．The phone's owner reported the theft before （2）（die）from the disease．Soon，the thief began showing symptoms and finally（3）（confess）to the crime．
（4）in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria，not all germs are bad．Most cause no harm．In fact，they could provide helpful information．Look at the surface of your phone carefully．Do you see some dirty mars？"That's all you，" says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton﹣Marcell．"That's biological information．"
It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from（5）of your friends and family．They're like a fingerprint that could identify you．Some day in the future，investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes．Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues．
In a 2017 study，researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants' homes，（6）countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice．Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner．The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner．In an （7）（early）study，a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who （8）（use）a computer
闫肃快乐大本营keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature．One day，microbial signatures might show （9）people have gone and what they have touched．They could p
社保补交rove （10）an unmarked device is yours．So，sure，your phone is pretty germy．Does that inspire you，or does it just bother you？Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
2．（10分）
The Nile
清平乐村居全诗的意思The ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt﹣with some envy﹣as‘the gift of the Nile'．The Egyptians depend on the river for food，for water and for life．The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile，creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous （1）．
Snaking through the deserts，the Nile would flood almost （2）each year in June．Once the water
subsided，a rich deposit of sand was left behind，making an excellent topaoil．Seeds were sown，yielding wheat，barley，beans，lentils and leeks．Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians，so during the dry seasons，they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land．They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood．
An early system of （3）  a Nilometer，was used to de determine the size of the floods．Later，during the New Kingdom，a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river﹣﹣（4）to the way in which a well is used today．The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions．Without a（n）（5）system they exchanged goods，bringing back timber，precious stones，pottery，spices and animals．Their efforts in medicine were also （6）advanced：surgeons performed operations to remove cysts（囊肿）．Mummification gave them great understanding of the
human body﹣yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease，and discoveries were often confused with superstition（迷信）．And while a great deal of time was dedicated to （7）the Egyptians thought the stars were gods．
By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882．What
is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won （8）from Britain after World War Ⅱ．The Suez Canal，opened in 1869，（9）the country as a center for world transportation．But it，and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 （10）the ecology of the Nile，which now struggles to satisfy the country's rapidly growing population，currently more than 76million﹣the largest in the Arab world．
Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C，and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
3．（15分）
Keeping The Taps Running in Thirsty Cities
Water covers 71% of Earth's surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as a source of fresh water．（1）on this limited resources is rising，a trend likely to continue．It is important to recognize that it is not just city residents who （2）water．Agriculture，industry and tourism often require more water than the municipal water supply．Globally，70% of fresh water is （3）for agriculture，but locally in heavily irrigated（灌溉）areas this can increate to 90%．A healthy environment also requires fresh water，and the quality of available water is as important as its （4）．Water stress is
not always caused by physical shortages in dry areas．（5）for water resources between different users within river catchments or basins can also be a cause．Every thirsty city operates within its own context，（6）to the challenge of providing adequate water supplies．Cape Town，（7），has faced three years of drought during which winter rains failed to materialize．At the end of the 2017 rainy season the city faced the （8）of its dams running dry during 2018．The dams were only 37% full﹣in the same week four years before they were full to the top．In January 2018，it was （9）that Cape Town would reach Day Zero，when it would be forced to turn off the taps，in April．This was despite the city reducing its water use by more than half，from
1.2 billion litres a day in 2015 to fewer than 600 million litres，and working （10）with industry and agriculture to reduce demand．
On February 1，the authorities put in place a strict limit of 50 litres of water per person per day．（11），in Britain this is considered enough for a five﹣minute shower of half a washing machine cycle on full load．
In addition，a ban was placed on using （12）water for gardens，water management devices were installed at household with a high water use and the water pressure was reduced to cut demand and
leaks．At the same，the city launched a media （13）to change habits and introduced higher duties．This is not without its costs；agriculture and tourism，both significant areas of employment，have （14）．It is a classic example of the problem of water economics﹣the cost of water is low but the cost of a lack of water is very high．
Crises such as the Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the new norm．The （15）of Day Zero must serve as a wake﹣up call for cities across the world to develop cost﹣effective water management strategies to cope with an uncertain future．
（1）A．Impact B．Pressure C．Impression D．Observation （2）A．recycle B．waste C．consume D．apply
（3）A．restored B．abstracted C．separated D．preserved （4）A．change B．source C．origin D．volume
（5）A．Competition B．Protection C．Construction D．Regulation （6）A．contributing B．regarding C．responding D．referring
（7）A．in addition B．for example C．on the contrary D．as a result （8）A．prospect B．illustration C．symptom D．security
最受欢迎的专业>花呗额度
（9）A．reported B．presented C．predicted D．explained （10）A．respectively B．increasingly C．restrictively D．extensively （11）A．By comparison B．In other words C．To our surprise D．What's more （12）A．feasible B．drinkable C．inevitable D．influential
（13）A．campaign B．statement C．presentation D．advertisement （14）A．invaded B．liberated C．suffered D．proceeded
（15）A．change B．theory C．record D．threat
Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them. There are four choices marked A，B，C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the Information given in the passage you have just read.
4．（8分）Despite an advertisement campaign suggesting wall﹣to﹣wall special effects，"Bridge of Terabithia" is grounded in reality far more than in fantasy．Adapting Katherine Paterson's award﹣winning novel，the screenwriters David Paterson and Jeff Stockwell have produced a thoughtful and extremely affecting story of a transformative friendship between two unusually gifted children．The result is a movie whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children．
Jess Aarons （Josh Hutcherson）is a sixth grader with four sisters，financially tensed parents and a talent for drawing．An introverted（内向的）kid who is regularly picked on by the school buses，Jess forms a bond with a new student named Leslie （Anna Sophia Robb），
a free spirit whose parents，both writers，are fondly neglectful．An attraction between
outsiders，their friendship feeds on her words and his pictures；together they create an imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes，a world they can control and where their minds can wander free．结婚需要准备什么
Beautifully capturing a time when a bully in school can occur as large as a monster in a nightmare and the encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life，"Bridge to Terabithia" keeps the fantasy in the background to find magic in the everyday．Gabor Csupo directs this，his first feature，like someone close to the pain of being different，fascinated in tiny，perfect details．
With strong performances from all the leads，"Bridge to Terabithia" is able to handle adult topics with sensitivity．As the emotional landscape darkens，those who haven't read the book may be surprised at the sorrow the filmmakers cause without ever resorting to horror or terror．In other words，your children may cry，but they won't be traumatized so badly．

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