盘点高考英语近六年(2016—2021年)读后续写命题分析及解题技巧_百度文 ...
盘点⾼考英语近六年(2016—2021年)读后续写命题分析及解题技巧
省直管县命题分析
2015年8⽉,教育部考试中⼼发布《普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试英语科考试说明》(⾼考综合改⾰试验省份试⽤)(第⼀版),明确了考试内容和要求,考试形式与试卷结构,提供了⼀份参考试卷。⾸次提出了写作新题型:读后续写或概要写作,两种形式在不同考次不定期交替使⽤。参考试卷的读后续写,记叙⽂,试题未提供标题。紧接着,2016年浙江⾸次迎来了读后续写的考试时代。
近六年(2016-2021)年⾼考英语书⾯表达(应⽤⽂)考查情况⼀览表
卷别来源体裁原⽂字数话题
2021年新⾼考全国I卷记叙⽂306母亲节的礼物
浙江卷6⽉记叙⽂315暑假打⼯薪⽔
浙江卷1⽉记叙⽂348万圣节南⽠趣事
2020年全新⾼考全国I卷记叙⽂325帮助弱者脱困
浙江卷7⽉记叙⽂330与熊对抗脱险
浙江卷1⽉记叙⽂350抚慰狗狗⼼伤
2018浙江卷6⽉记叙⽂325度假骑马迷路
2017浙江卷6⽉记叙⽂348骑⾏途中偶遇狼
浙江卷11⽉记叙⽂343健忘妈妈趣事
2016浙江卷10⽉记叙⽂335吵架出⾛迷路
题型解读
读后续写新题型是⼀种将阅读与写作相结合的考察形式,要求考⽣对所读材料进⾏续写,将其发展成⼀篇与给定材料有所衔接,情节架构⾃然,⽽且结构完整的短⽂(教育部考试中⼼,2015年)。
从上表中我们不难发现,读后续写多以记叙⽂故事类⽂章为主,⽽且主题多与社会,⾃然和⾃我相结合。⽐如2020年1⽉浙江真题反应了社会的⼈际关系。因此,做好读后续写的英语写作的前提是研究记叙⽂的⾏⽂规律以及了解读后续学的考察能⼒:
⼀、把握短⽂关键信息和语⾔特点的能⼒。学⽣需要了解所给短⽂的主要内容,清楚其关键词和语⾔结构的使⽤情况,并通过续写短⽂表现出来。
⼆、语⾔运⽤的准确性和丰富性。学⽣能准确、恰当地使⽤所学词汇和语⾔结构,还能够根据内容需要使⽤较多、较复杂的词汇和语⾔结构。
三、对语篇结构的把控能⼒。学⽣需要掌握上下⽂逻辑关系,所续写的短⽂与所给短⽂及段落开头语之间要有连贯性,所续写的短⽂内语句要连贯、有序。
所续写的短⽂内语句要连贯、有序。
四、创造性思维能⼒。学⽣所续写的短⽂要具有较丰富的内容,包含详细和⽣动的情景、态度和感情描述。
新⾼考读后续写:
评分标准
⼀、评分原则
1.本题总分为25分,按七个档次进⾏评分。
2.评分时,主要从内容、语⾔表达和篇章结构三个⽅⾯考查,具体为:
(1)续写内容的质量、续写的完整性以及与原⽂情境的融洽度。
(2)所使⽤词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
(3)上下⽂的衔接和全⽂的连贯性。
3.评分时,应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次,然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。
4.评分时还应注意:
(1)词数少于120的,酌情扣分;
(2)单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要⽅⾯,评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑,英、美拼写及词汇⽤法均可接受;
(3)书写较差以致影响交际的,酌情扣分。
⼆、各档次给分范围和要求
第七档(22-25分)
—创造了丰富、合理的内容,富有逻辑性,续写完整,与原⽂情境融洽度⾼:
—使⽤了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构,表达流畅,语⾔错误很少,且完全不影响理解:
—⾃然有效地使⽤了段落间、句间衔接⼿段,全⽂结构清晰,前后呼应,意义连贯。
第六档(18-21分)
—创造了⽐较丰富、合理的内容,⽐较有逻辑性,续写⽐较完整,与原⽂情境融洽度较⾼:
—使⽤了⽐较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构,表达⽐较流畅,有个别错误,但不影响理解:
—⽐较有效地使⽤了语句间衔接⼿段,全⽂结构⽐较清晰,意义⽐较连贯。
第五档(15-17分)
—创造了基本合理的内容,有⼀定的逻辑性,续写基本完整,与原⽂情境相关:
—使⽤了⽐较恰当的词汇和语法结构,表达⽅式不够多样性,表达有些许错误,但基本不影响理解:
使⽤了⽐较恰当的词汇和语法结构,表达⽅式不够多样性,表达有些许错误,但基本不影响理解:
—使⽤了语句间衔接⼿段,全⽂结构⽐较清晰,意义⽐较连贯。
第四档(11-14分)
—创造了基本完整的故事内容,但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强,与原⽂情境基本相关:
—使⽤了简单的词汇和语法结构,有部分语⾔错误和不恰当之处,个别部分影响理解:
—尚有语句衔接的意识,全⽂结构基本清晰,意义基本连贯。
第三档(6-10分)
—内容和逻辑上有⼀些重⼤问题,续写不够完整,与原⽂有⼀定程度脱节:
—所⽤的词汇有限,语法结构单调,错误较多且⽐较低级,影响理解:
—未能有效地使⽤语句间衔接⼿段,全⽂结构不够清晰,意义⽋连贯。
第⼆档(1-5分)
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内容和逻辑上有较多重⼤问题,或有部分内容抄⾃原⽂,续写不完整,与原⽂情境基本脱节:
—所使⽤的词汇⾮常有限,语法结构单调,错误极多,严重影响理解:
—⼏乎没有使⽤语句间衔接⼿段,全⽂结构不清晰,意义不连贯。
第⼀档0分
—未作答:所写内容太少或⽆法看清以致⽆法评判:所写内容全部抄⾃原⽂或与题⽬要求完全不相关。
三、⾼考评分解读
总体来看,读后续写以读为辅,以写为主,其⽬标是考查学⽣的综合语⾔运⽤能⼒。评分标准是评分的依据和绝对标准。
依据评分标准,读后续写主要考查内容创作和语⾔运⽤两个⽅⾯。评卷时,评卷⽼师先根据考⽣所续写短⽂的内容和语⾔初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。
阅卷⽼师在阅卷时,主要考虑以下内容:
1.与所给短⽂及段落开头语的衔接程度;
2.内容的丰富性;
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3.应⽤语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;
4.上下⽂的连贯性。
应对策略
(1
每篇⽂章都有各⾃独特的写作思路,通过精读⽂章,到该篇⽂章的写作线索,例如什么⼈(who)什么时间(when)在
每篇⽂章都有各⾃独特的写作思路,通过精读⽂章,到该篇⽂章的写作线索,例如什么⼈(who)什么时间(when)在什么地⽅(where)因为什么(why)做了什么事⼉(what),最后有了什么发展(how)。这样分析有利于考⽣“顺藤摸⽠”。
(2)仔细审题,明确续写要求。
⼀般短⽂后⾯的“注意”都有对此短⽂续写的具体要求,如字数限制、使⽤⼏处下划线关键词语、续写段落的⾸句提⽰,这样考⽣能做到“⼼中有数”。
(3)回扣原⽂,揣摩续写思路。
根据⽂章后⾯的要求,再次快速回读短⽂,抓住⽂章的思路,结合段⾸的提⽰语,最终确定续写段落的思路,同时结合⽂章划线词语提⽰,确定续写段落的内容。
(4)拟写草稿,修改错词病句。
在确定了思路和内容之后,最关键的就是结合提⽰语或者⽂中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时,注意句⼦结构的多样性、语⾔的丰富性,并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使⽤,使上下⽂连贯。
(5)标出续写部分中使⽤到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。
这⼀点可以帮助考⽣检查关键词语的使⽤情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写⽂字时,务必做到“字迹⼯整、清晰”。
真题回顾
浙江卷读后续写:
爷爷的爸爸叫什么浙江卷读后续写以遇险类话题为主,但是2021年开始转移到情感话题,侧重亲情和友情,后期备考中可以适当练习情感相关的写作。其要求考⽣在所给短⽂的基础上续写,并且结合划线词,构成⼀篇合理的完整故事。读后续写对学⽣学习语⾔知识的综合运⽤能⼒有着较⾼的要求。同时也考查学⽣们的发散思维能⼒和创造性思维能⼒。续写故事时,要求考⽣读懂⽂章,然后明⽩故事的发展进程、前因后果、⼈物特征和情感等。在此基础上,考⽣必须沿着⽂章的思路,根据提供的线索,恰当进⾏发挥,并且要使⽤给出的⾄少5个词语等。故事的结尾也必须符合原⽂的主题意义。
新⾼考读后续写:
新⾼考主要以情感类话题为主,侧重学校⽣活,⼈间⼤爱和亲情。要求考⽣结合上⽂,进⾏⼀定的情节续写的同时,还要准确把握细节,最后进⾏主旨的升华。考⽣只要对继续吻⾏⽂规律掌握到位,利⽤语⾔知识,是可以把⽂章续写好的。下⾯以近⼏年的话题分类,讲解⾼考实战题型的出题思路和规律:
⼀、有标题,情感话题
典例⼀(2021• 新⾼考全国I 卷)
阅读下⾯材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成⼀篇完整的短⽂。
A MOTHER’S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother’s Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge. They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds. Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off
the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff’s hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain. Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________
行车记录仪什么牌子质量好The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________2010年6月思想汇报
【答案】As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Father’s appearing was like a savior to the two children. Under the guidance of their father, they took positive actions and started all over again. They made the bread and then went on cooking porridge. Father helped them adjust the fire, which was the key to success. It was all right this time. Delicious breakfast was ready. How happy they were!
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. When their mother saw the delicious and perfect breakfast in front of her, she was very surprised. It was not only the gift, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much. The two children could finish cooking a breakfast, which she didn’t expect. The children said loudly,“Happy Mother’s Day!” Mother hugged them tightly and kissed them again and again.
【解析】
【分析】本⽂以母亲节为线索展开,讲述了双胞胎Jenna和Jeff为了献给母亲⼀份美味的早餐,⾃⼰动⼿,做起饭餐来,但是不幸的是,他们连连失败,后来在⽗亲的帮助下,获得成功,他们把早餐献给亲爱的母亲,妈妈⾮常感动的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①由第⼀段⾸句内容“当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时,他们的⽗亲出现了。”可知,第⼀段可描写他们的⽗亲指导帮助他们准备早餐。②由第⼆段⾸句内容“这对双胞胎把早餐端到楼上,叫醒了他们的母亲。”可知,第⼆段可描写母亲收到孩⼦们的礼物早餐,⾮常感动。2.续写线索:帮助——指导——积极——献礼——感动3.词汇激活⾏为类①帮助:help/assist
②.指导:guide/conduct③.献礼:present a gift/give a gift情绪类①.积极:positive/positively/take positive actions②.感动:moved/touched【点睛】[⾼分句型1]. Father helped them adjust the fire, which was the key to success. (which引导的⾮限制性定语从句)[⾼分句型2]. It was not only the breakfast, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much. (使⽤not only…but (also)句型及强调句型)
⼆、⽆标题,情感话题
典例(2021• 浙江卷6⽉)
阅读下⾯短⽂,根据所给情节进⾏续写,使之构成⼀个完整的故事。

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