第二节 词语用法及语法结构
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北京地区成人本科学位英语考试  答题技巧
第二节 词语用法及语法结构
词汇出题的形式与重点
  词汇和语法结构部分共设30个单句,每句1分,共30分。题目中50%为词和短语的用法,50%为语法结构。

  词汇和语法结构部分的考试目的是测试考生运用词汇,短语及语法结构的能力。考试范围包括全日制文理科本科教学大纲中词汇表及语法结构表一至三级的主要内容。下面我对这两部分分别进行讲解。

  词汇部分的考试重点:名词,代词,介词,连词,形容词和副词,动词。

  () 名词的考试重点是:名词的含义、名词和动词的搭配、名词的所有格。

  一、名词的含义:
  1The _____ of the play is so great that many people want to see it.
  A. attention  B. attraction  C. attempt  D. attack
  (答案为B。四个名词的意思分别attraction :吸引。 attention:注意力。中级会计职称attempt:努力。attack:进攻,袭击。是本句的意思是:这个剧目有如此大的吸引力,以至于许多人都想看。因此只有B最符合题意。)(200121题)

  2He has been teaching for 2years, but being a teacher is not his _____.
  A. chance  B. character  C. attitude  D. choice
  (答案为D。四个 名词的意思分别是:choice :选择。chance:机会。character:性特点。attitude :态度。本句的意思是他已经教书两年了,但是当老师并不是他的选择。只有D最符合题意。)(200125题)

  二、 名词和动词的搭配:
  1Your sister has made an _____ for you to see the dentist at 3 this afternoon..
  A. appointment  B. interview  C. opportunity  D. assignment
  (答案为Amake fix an appointment 预约, 约会。固定搭配。)(200224题)
  2The committee is expected to _____ a decision this evening.
  A. reach  B. arrive  C. bring  D. take
 (答案为A 习惯用这样的搭配:come to a decision, arrive at a decision, reach a decision 做出决定。)(200225题)

  三、名词的所有格:
  1Sorry, I don’t know he is a friend of _____.
  A. your brother  B. your brothers  C. your brother’s friend  D. your brother’s
  (答案为Da an +名词+of+名词性所有格 a friend my mine, a friend of ours, a friend of my mother’s。)(200156题)
  2Don’t you know he is an old friend of _____?
  A .my brother  B. my brothers  C. my brother’s  D. my brother’s friend  (答案为C。)(199960题)
() 代词
一、名词性与形容词性物主代词的区别
  二、代词的替代
  三、不定代词的用法
  代词的用法主要以挑错题形式进行测试,因此这里就不进行举例了。后面挑错题的答题技巧中会有详细说明和例句。
() 常用的形容词和副词的含义;形容词、副词和名词遇在一起时的位置;suchthatsothat 的用法

  一、常用的形容词的含义
  1This is a very _____ situation and we don’t know how to face it yet.
  A comprehensive  B. compound  C. complicated  D. competent
niceday是什么意思 (答案为货币基金怎么买 C。四个形容词的意思分别为complicated:复杂的。comprehensive :综合的,理解的。compound:混合的,复合的。competent :能力强的。本句的意思是这是一个非常复杂的形势,我们还不知道如何面对。因此只有C最符合题意。)(200126)

  2One car went too fast and _____ missed hitting another car.
  A. completely  B. greatly  C. narrowly  D. little
  (答案为C。四个副词的意思分别是:completely:完全地。greatly:非常,很:narrowly :以毫厘之差 little:小的,少的。因此只有C最符合题意。)(199835题)


  二、形容词、副词和名词遇在一起时的位置
  例:My next door neighbor Johnson seems to have _____ opinion on the show last night.
  A.rather the strong  B. rather strong  C. a rather strong D. the rather strong (答案为C。)(200060题)

  三、suchthat so that 的用法
  1They are _____ students that they all performed well in the nationwide examinations.
  A. so diligent  B. such diligent  C. so much diligent  D. such very diligent
  (答案为Bsuch 修饰名词)(200243题)
  2He was _____ an honest man that everybody trusted him.
  A. so  B. as  C. such  D. very  (答案为C。)
  3He was _____ fat that he couldn’t get through the door.
  A. so  B. how  C. such  D. much  (答案为A。)(how 修饰形容词fat
() 介词和连词
引导各种从句的常用连词的基本含义和用法、关系代词和关系副词以及介词+关系代词的用法、注意根据句子之间的逻辑关系以及从句的类型选择连词。
  一、引导各种从句的常用连词的基本含义和用法
  1Written applications should be sent to us in case _____ some problems with the electric version.
世界杯冠军数量排名  A. there will be  B. there is  C. there be  D. there was
  (答案为Cin case 引导的从句要用虚拟语气 should可以省略。)(200259题)
  2Young _____ he is, he knows what is the right thing to do.
  A. that  B. as  C. although  中秋节 放假D. however
  (答案为Bas 引导让步状语从句, 句子到装, 表语提前。)(200044)

  二、关系代词和关系副词以及介词+关系代词的用法
  1I will never forget the ten years _____ we both spent in the little village.
  A. when  B. during which  C. which  D. in which
  (答案为C which关系代词, 在定语从句中做动词spend的宾语。)(200242题)
  2Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village _____ he belonged.
  A. to which  B. which  C. to where   D. which
  (答案为A。因为句中的短语应当是belong to ,关系代词which 做介词to的宾语)(200131题)。

  三、注意根据句子之间的逻辑关系以及从句的类型选择连词
  1It is because she is very devoted to her students _____ she is respected by them.
  A. that  B. which  C. what  D. who  (答案为A 因为是强调句型, 因此用that(200133)
  2_____ was unimportant.
  A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not  B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner
  C. If he enjoyed our dinner  D. what he enjoyed our dinner  (答案为A 主语从句。)(200040题)
() 特殊动词的含义和用法、短语动词
  一、特殊动词的含义和用法
  1Words _____ meaning, as we all know.
  A. convince  B. convey  C. contribute  D. Conquer

  (答案为B。四个动词的意思分别是convey:表达,传递。本句的意思是众所周知,语言表达思想。只有B最合适。convince:使确信;contribute: 做贡献;conquer:征服。)(2001方舟生存进化配置36题)

  2Nobody but a young woman _____ the airplane crash.
  A. endured  B. rejected  C. survived  D. lived


  (答案为Csurvive:从中逃生,经历后继续存在,是及物动词。Only two people survived the fire. 这场大火中只有两个人幸免于死。The crops survived the drought.经过这次旱灾,庄稼还是活了下来。本句的意思是:此飞机失事中,只有一个年轻妇女幸免遇难。只有C的意思是正确的。endure:忍耐,容忍。reject:拒绝。Live:居住,生活。)(200236题)
 

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