讲与练28 读后续写宏观写作步骤与策略速记(原卷版)
2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练（通用版）28
读后续写宏观写作步骤与策略速记
【策略解析】
【样题示例】（根据样题改编全球通用语言有几种）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldn't get the car moving. Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried.  Arthur stopped and asked, “It looks like you've got a problem.” Arthur said.
“I'm afraid so. I'm in a big hurry and I can't start my car.”
“Is there something I can do to help？” Arthur asked. The young man looked at the two suit
cases in the back seat and then said, “Thanks. If you're sure it wouldn't be too much trouble, you could help me get these suitcases into a taxi.”
“No trouble at all. I'd be glad to help.”
The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it on the ground, he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase and started walking,  he heard the long loud noise of an alarm.
It was from the bank. There had been a robbery (抢劫)!
Park Avenue had been quiet a moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank. People asked each other, “What happened？” But everyone had a different answer.
Arthur, still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him.
She looked at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised. “Why is she looking at me like that？”He thought. “The suitcase! She thinks I'm the bank thief！”
Arthur looked around at the crowd of people. He became frightened, and without another thought, he started to run.
Paragraph 1
As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind,
“Stop, stop ！” _____________________________________
Paragraph 2
The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur... ________________________________________________________
【写作步骤】
第1步　细读原文，明确叙述意图
原文叙述Arthur在上班途中，帮助一个年轻人将手提箱从车上拿下送到出租车上，而此时银行的警报响起，提着箱子的Arthur以为自己被当成是抢劫犯，拔腿就跑。结合第一段首句中的“funny thing” 可知本文旨在讲述一个有趣的故事，因而续写部分应与该叙事意图一致，也是有趣的。
第2步　根据段落开头语，推断续写情节
根据两段开头语中的“heard the young man shouting behind，‘Stop, stop！’”和“The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station”可猜测，续写第一段应描写Arthur坐上出租车要求出租车司机开往警察局。又根据第二段首句中的“the Police Station”，结合原文第一段第一句中的“funny thing”和原文中提到的“the young man”可预测，第二段应该描述Arthur原认为的银行打劫案件，结果却是一场乌龙。
第3步　围绕原文主旨， 确定续写细节
根据原文主旨再做更多的细节猜想。例如，可以勾勒出以下细节：Arthur认为年轻人是银行抢劫犯，看到年轻人在后面追赶，因此立刻跳上出租车，要求出租车司机飞速开往警察
局，而到了警察局后，在向警官报告时，年轻人赶来，说箱子里只是行李而已。Arthur在看到箱子中的行李后，尴尬不已。
第4步　沿用原文语言特点， 完成读后续写
原文有大量的动作描写，也有环境和心理描写。在调整语言时，可以通过各种准确的词汇描写Arthur的动作、神态和心理。例如在续写部分第一段可利用具体的动作，描写Arthur飞速跑开，拦下出租车，跳上出租车等一连串的动作。
【参考范文】Paragraph 1
As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop, stop！” Thinking of the way the young man had behaved, he realized the young man might be the bank robber. So Arthur ran faster and stopped a taxi. The moment he got into the taxi, he told the driver the man shouting behind was the bank thief and asked him to drive to the nearest Police Station. The driver followed what Arthur said and drove away.
Paragraph 2
The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur thanked the driver and directly went in. Just as Arthur was describing what had happened near the bank on the Park Avenue and reported the young man to the police, he heard a voice outside, “Help! Help！” To the surprise of Arthur, it was the young man. He had followed Arthur in another taxi. It turned out that the young man was innocent and inside the suitcases were just some clothes. Arthur felt embarrassed but the policemen thanked him anyway.
【策略解析】
第1步　细读原文，明确叙述意图
读后续写不是无视原文的独立创作，而是顺着原文作者的思路完成未完成的文本。动手续写之前，首先应认真阅读原文，理清故事发展的六要素，准确理解材料内容，不仅要读懂字面含义，还要理解文章的隐含意义，为合理想象故事的发展提供线索。
（1）记叙文类的文本大意(main idea)，即主要人或物描述的主要事件和结果。而叙述意图(purpose)指故事主要内容传递给读者的信息，可以是情，也可以是理。
（2）准确理解原文，根据“谁、发生了什么”，快速理清原文对主要人或物的描写并对相关事件进行整理，提炼文本大意并明确叙述意图。
例如：攻略1的例题中，仔细阅读完原文之后，我们可以看出主人公Arthur在上班途中经历的一件事情：路遇“抢劫犯抢劫银行”，Arthur对现场的判断失误导致这个乌龙事件的发生。在阅读过程中，应抓住原文中的关键词funny，因为这就是原文的叙事意图所在：讲述一个有趣的故事。由此可推断出续写部分应体现这个叙述意图，并通过细节的刻画揭开事件的真相。
第2步　根据段落开头语，推断续写方向
提炼出文本大意和叙述意图后，结合所给短文的情景模式，即5W(Who? What? When? Where? Why？)和两个续写段落首句中与5W相关的要点，以5W的角度想象续写部分的主要内容，推断故事的走向。
（1）两个续写段落的首句已给出，因此预测续写第一段的续写方向相对第二段较为明确。而第二段的续写方向较为开放，需结合原文的人物性格特征和故事发展脉络大胆预测。两
个续写段落的首句既是提示，也是限制。因此，在预测内容时，须紧跟原文内容，紧密衔接段落首句，这样才能保证续写部分与原文情节的契合。
（2）续写方向的预测，必须密切结合原文的文本大意和叙述意图、情景模式以及原文的相关细节。
例如：第1讲的例题中，我们结合两段的段落首句As he was running，Arthur heard the young man shouting behind，“Stop， stop！”和The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur可以预测，夹在两个段落首句之间的第一段一定是描写Arthur拦下出租车并要求出租车司机开往警局的过程。这样才能衔接第二段的首句，即出租车停在警局之前。而第二段的续写方向相对而言会开放一些，需结合原文铺垫的情节发展脉络进行大胆预测。如第1讲续写第二段首句中的the Police Station提示第二段应叙述在警局发生的事情，可预测第二段应揭示事实的真相：箱子里的东西到底是什么？

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