Japanese and American Comic Book Heroes
To some people, the idea of reading comic books seems childish. __67__ Comics are published globally, but Japanese and American versions dominate the market despite the fact -- or perhaps because -- they differ in a number of ways
__68__ American comics are a group effort, beginning with the story-writing team and the artist who produces drawings of initial ideas. When these drafts are finalized, the outlines, dialogue, and color are added. Also, creators of comic superheroes sometimes sell their titles to other creative teams, who keep the superhero “alive.” This is in sharp contrast to manga (日本漫画) creators, who are often individual authors merely responsible for the storylines, dialogue, and artwork. When a manga creator decides to stop, so does the hero.
Another difference is the appearance of the heroes. __69__ Also, manga heroes rarely look Japanese, and the stories are not typically set within a Japanese context. However, American comic heroes, despite their masks are proudly American and are admired for their readiness to defend U.S. cities.
Probably the biggest difference is the relationship. Up until the 1950s, American comic books were read by both children and adults, with popular titles such as Superman selling as many as half a million copies per month. The arrival of TV, however, led to a long-term decline in sales so that now the average reader of an American comic book is a teenage boy with an interest in superheroes. __70__ There manga sales are still booming, reaching as high as $7 billion each year largely because readers range from young boys and girls up to middle-aged men and women. Manga for men and boys, like the American comics, tend to be action-oriented, while manga for women and girls tend to be focused on relationships.
答案：67-70 BAFE
What Would Happen If the World Suddenly Went Vegetarian?
People become vegetarians for a variety of reasons. Some do it to make animal suffering, others because they want to pursue a healthier lifestyle. Still others are fans of sustainability or wish to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. _______67_______ And the more who make the switch, the more those benefits would manifest on a global scale.
Jarvis and other experts at Colombia's International Centre for Tropical Agriculture carried out researches to see what might happen if meat dropped off the planets menu overnight.
First, they examined climate change. Food production accounts for one-quarter to one-third of all gre
enhouse gas emissions from human activities worldwide, and the worst of responsibility for those numbers falls to the livestock industry. ______68______ In the US, for example, an average family of four emits more greenhouse gases because of the meat they eat than from driving two cars —— but it is cars, not steaks, that regularly come up in discussions about global warming.
______69_____ Of the world’s approximately 12 billion acres of agricultural land, 68% is used for livestock. Should we all go vegetarian, ideally we would give at least 80% of that pastureland (牧场) to the restoration of grasslands and forests, which would capture carbon and further alleviate climate change.
The remaining 10 to 20% of former pastureland could be used for growing more crops to fill gaps in the food supply. _______70_______ That’s because one-third of the land currently used for crops is dedicated to producing food for livestock —— not for humans.
答案：67-70 EBCF
2018年上海春考英语6选4
The Most Important Thing You’re Not Discussing with Your Doctor Shared decision making requires you to be an active participant. Politicians and policymakers are discussing what parts of the Affordable Care Act to change and what to keep. While most of us have little control over those discussions, there is one health care topic that we can control: what we talk about with our doctor.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) released the landmark publication Crossing the Quality Chasm 15 years ago. The report proposed six aims for improvement in the U.S. health system, identifying that health care should be patient-centered, safe, effective, timely, efficient and equitable.
The idea that health care should be patient-centered sounds obvious, but what does that mean? The IOM defines it as care that is “respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values” and that ensures “patient values guide all clinical decisions.”
For this to truly happen, doctors’ appointments need to cover more topics than how one is feeling and what can be done. Does your doctor know your values? (67)______ Fewer than half of people report that their physician or other health care provider asks about their goals and concerns for their health and health care. Your doctor can discuss medical tests and treatments without knowing your life goals, but sharing your values and needs with your doctor makes discussions and decisions more personalized and may lead to better health.
How does patient-centered care happen?
In order for your health care to center around you, your doctor needs to know your values, preferences and needs. Everyone is different. (68)______
As a neurologist, when I’m working with a 76-year-old widow whose main goal is to remain independent in her home, we frame her care in that context. (69)______ We discuss how a walker helps her be more independent rather than less, as she can move around her home more safely.
When a stressed college student comes to my office for a bothersome tremor, his preference is to avoid medications that he might forget to take or that might harm his school performance. This guides our discussion of the pros and cons of different options, including using medications but also
doing nothing, an option that almost half of patients feel strongly should always be discussed. (70)______ In sharing their values and goals with me, these individuals enabled a health care approach that respected their needs and also responded to their life circumstances.
答案：BDAF上海高考时间2020
2018年上海秋考英语6选4
Parents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines. Read on to learn about the benefits that reading magazines offers to young readers and how to introduce your children to the medium.
Magazine Benefits
Magazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively, breezy writing style that can inspire them to read more.
The articles in magazines are generally short, which allows a child to finish reading a feature article without losing interest due to a short attention span. The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read, especially if it is a children’s publication.
By allowing your child to read magazines at an early age, you are encouraging development of a useful skill.
(67)__________ Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit of reading news articles that may continue into adulthood.
(68)__________ Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view. Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable. Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend.
Magazine Activities
Reading magazines as a family can be used to introduce each other to the various interests that each family member possesses. When your children are finished with their magazines, encourage them to pass their issue on to a sibling or other family member.
Once each family member has finished reading each magazine, you can use them for art and writing projects. These projects are for family members of all ages:
1.Cut out pictures to help your preschool and kindergarten children learn their alphabet, numbers, and colors.
2.(69)__________ Paste the picture at the top of a page and have them write a story bout what is happening or what the picture represents.
3.Clip pictures to create a collage. Many teenagers love using their artistic talents to collage.
(70)__________ The skills that students utilize and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to higher level reading and other academic subject. Encouraging your child to read by giving them a magazine subscription could cause them to take the leap from being a reluctant reader to a voracious page-turner.
答案：BADE
2019年上海春考英语6选4
New Paint Resists Oil and Water
Having an automobile can be costly. In addition to paying for fuel, the owner of a car should set aside money for an insurance policy to guard against possible damage or loss. The owner also has to pay for normal repairs, like an oil change, and other work.
Another cost is cleaning. _____67_____. Who would not want a car that is always clean because drops of water and oil just roll off? Now, scientists say it may not be too long before self-cleaning paints become more common in many industries.
It has been long known that rainwater slides off the leaves of some plants without leaving a mark. Soon, the same may be true for raindrops on your car.
Scientists can now reproduce that quality, or property, of tropical plants like the taro and lotus. Researchers are able to do this because of developments in nanophysics: the studies of very small particles.
Yao Lu is a researcher from Chinas Dalian University of Technology. He currently works at University College London. He used titanium dioxide nanoparticles to create a new kind of water-repellent (防水的) paint. ______68______.
Up until now, the biggest problem with water-repellent paints was their vulnerability to mechanical damage. _____69_____.
This was solved with a special adhesive or glue that sticks to the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. “Applying this spray adhesive, we've managed to get very resistant coatings that are resistant to, as I say, rubbing or scratching and with sandpaper and so on.”
The new kind of paint can be used on a number of Materials, from clothing and paper to steel and glass. _____70_____.
They predict this product could be used in a number of areas, including auto manufacturing and even hospitals.
答案：67-70 CDAF
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