2020年⾼考英语江苏卷阅读理解精析
B
let go 放⼿. For many British people, that can apply to 应⽤于
2016江苏高考Sometimes it's hard to let go 放⼿
apply to 应⽤于 institutions and objects that
red phone boxes 红⾊电话亭. represent their country's past — age-old 古⽼的
splendid华丽的 homes ... and red phone boxes 红⾊电话亭
age-old 古⽼的 castles, splendid华丽的
the march of （the march of sth ...的稳步发展） technology and lately by the terrible weather in
Beaten first by the march of （the march of sth ...的稳步发展）
junkyards (废品场)
representative of（be representative of sth/sb 典型的；有代表性的） an age are junkyards (废品场), the phone boxes representative
on city streets and
imaginative ways, many have reappeared on city streets
comeback 再度流⾏. Adapted in imaginative
now making something of a comeback 再度流⾏
tiny cafes, cellphone repair shops, or even defibrillator machines (除颤器).
village greens housing tiny
The original iron boxes with the round roofs first appeared in 1926. They were designed by Giles Gilbert Scott, the
architect 建筑师 of the Battersea Power Station in London. After becoming an important part of many British streets, the
mobile phone sending most of them away to the phone boxes began disappearing in the 1980s, with the rise of the mobile phone
junkyards.
About that time, Tony Inglis' engineering and transport company got the job to remove phone boxes from the streets and sell them out （sell out 售空）
ended up（end up doing sth 以...结束） buying hundreds of them himself, sell them out （sell out 售空）. But Inglis ended up（end up doing sth 以...结束）
heard the calls 听到召唤 to preserve the boxes and had seen with the idea of repairing and selling them. He said that he had heard the calls 听到召唤
how some of them were listed as historic buildings 历史性建筑.
As Inglis and, later other businessmen, got to work, repurposed（repurpose v. 为适应新⽤途对...稍加修改）
repurposed（repurpose v. 为适应新⽤途对...稍加修改） phone boxes
a familiar began reappearing in cities and villages as people found new uses for them. Today, they are once again 再⼀次 a familiar
sight 熟悉的场景, playing roles 扮演⾓⾊ that are often just as important for the community as their original purpose.
sight 熟悉的场景
In rural areas在农村地区, where ambulances救护车
ambulances救护车 can take a relatively long time to arrive, the phone boxes have
install安装 defibrillators to help in
adopt 采⽤ them for 1 pound, and install安装
in taken on 承担 a lifesaving role. Local organizations can adopt 采⽤
taken on 承担
emergencies在紧急情况下.
emergencies在紧急情况下
saw business opportunities 看到了商机. LoveFone, a company that
Others also looked at the phone boxes and saw business opportunities 看到了商机.
rather than ⽽不是 abandoning them, opened a mini-workshop 车间
workshop 车间 in a London phone advocates提倡 repairing cellphones rather than ⽽不是
box in 2016.
founder 创始⼈ of LoveFone. He
according to 根据 Robert Kerr, a founder 创始⼈
The tiny shops made economic sense 有经济意义
made economic sense 有经济意义, according to 根据
revenue收益 a month and cost only about $400 to rent.
said that one of the boxes generated around $13,500 in revenue收益
called to mind 使想起 an age when things were built to last. "I like what they are to people, and I Inglis said phone boxes called to mind 使想起
（enjoy doing sth ）
enjoy bringing things back," he said. （enjoy doing sth ）
C
be more
working out（work out 运动，锻炼） before breakfast may be stomach （v. 能吃，吃得下） it, working out（work out 运动，锻炼）
For those who can stomach （v. 能吃，吃得下）
according to a study of meal timing
physical activity.
meal timing and physical activity
beneficial for
beneficial for health than eating first, according to
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health 整体健康状况.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study 进⾏了⼀项研究.
conducted a study 进⾏了⼀项研究. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue 脂肪组织.
fat tissue 脂肪组织.
in
at an average speed that, in
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed
workouts, the men
rely mainly on 主要依靠 fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts
theory理论上
theory理论上, should allow his body to rely mainly on 主要依靠
on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight skipped breakfast 不吃早餐
skipped breakfast 不吃早餐, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight
fast (禁⾷)
ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
fast (禁⾷). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences 巨⼤的差异. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of 在...的开始
at the start of 在...的开始 their workouts when they had skipped breakfast
skipped breakfast than when they had As a result 结果, they burned more fat 燃烧更多的脂肪during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten. As a result 结果
on average 平均, during the eaten first. On the other hand 在另⼀⽅⾯
On the other hand 在另⼀⽅⾯, they burned slightly more calories (卡路⾥), on average 平均
workout after breakfast than after fasting.
it was the effects deep within the fat cells that
that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.（强调句
But it was
式）Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether 取决于是否
depending on whether 取决于是否 someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋⽩质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the
metabolic health 代谢健康. These genes were much more active associated with 与...相联系 improved metabolic health 代谢健康
are associated with 与...相联系
body and so are
when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to
The implication应⽤
implication应⽤ of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from
skip eating first.
D
in the middle of the Amazon (亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane I was in the middle of
more often
speak the local language 说本地话, did not know the customs, and more often to a faraway village偏远乡村
a faraway village偏远乡村. We did not speak the local language 说本地话
than not 常常, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign 陌⽣的.
than not 常常
living in a village without running We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phon
es, but now we were living in a village without
water⾃来⽔ or electricity
or electricity. It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.
played soccer 踢⾜球. I am Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer 踢⾜球.
not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the
and shots. We understood one another perfectly.
way 平静地, "In your home, do you have a moon
in a matter-of-fact way 平静地
goalkeeper 记分员, Juan, walked over to me and said in a
goalkeeper 记分员
too?" I was surprised.
felt a sort
After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to 与... ⾮常相似 his, I felt a sort
of awe (敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juan's world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan's world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous 令⼈惊讶的
marvelous 令⼈惊讶的. Anything was possible.
In our society 在我们的社会, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and In our society 在我们的社会,
found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan's village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.⾄少看上去是如此。
rule out 不考虑. I am, in in thought about思考 Juan's question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out 不考虑
Yet, as I thought about思考
know about了解 insect life and I knew that much in part 某种程度上
part 某种程度上, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about了解
remains unknown. How much, though? How ignorant (⽆知的)
ignorant (⽆知的) are we? The question of what we know the world of insects remains unknown
me ⼀直困扰着我.
and do not know constantly bothered me
on and on 不停地 they appear.
I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkeys, , and on and on 不停地
dozens of My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: a new cave system discovered with dozens of 许多 nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as
depends on things it did, I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but the life that depends on
all
big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started the third drawer for these big discoveries
the same 依旧, it fills.
the same 依旧
In在做...的过程中 looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of
In在做...的过程中
scientists, usually brilliant, occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things
pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion (穷
to the point of exhaustion (穷that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to
ridicule 嘲笑 of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these 尽)
尽), and at the risk of the ridicule 嘲笑
changed our view of the world.
people and how their lives changed our view of the world.
willing to （be willing to do sth 愿意做某事） imagine we have found most of what is left to discover.
are repeatedly willing to （be willing to do sth 愿意做某事）
We are
used to （used to do sth 过去常做某事） think that insects were the smallest organisms (⽣物) and that nothing lived We used to （used to do sth 过去常做某事）
deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up 出现,
turns up 出现, more often than not, we do not even know its name.
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