营利非营利分类管理下民办学校税收问题与建议
2020年第18卷第4期
复旦教育论坛Fudan Education Forum2020.Vol.18,No.4
长期以来,民办学校虽然登记为非营利性单位,但因为其投资办学、合理回报的特点长期被质疑是“以非营利之名行营利之实”。民办学校分类管理的顶层设计,可为非营利性、营利性两种民办学校设立不同的配套制度,避免出现属性混同的灰地带。2016年修订后的《中华人民共和国民办教育促进法》(简称《民办教育促进法》)第四十七条明确规定:“民办学校享受国家规定的税收优惠政策;其中,非营利性民办学校享受与公办学校同等的税收优惠政策。”这一规定是落实民办学校配套税收优惠政策的主要依据。立足于法律法规和现有的教育税收政策文本,本文重点围绕与民办学校办学相关的增值税、进出口
营利非营利分类管理下
民办学校税收问题与建议民办学校和公办学校的区别
胡卫,张歆,方建锋
(上海市教育科学研究院,上海200032)
摘要:现有教育税收优惠规定是在实施民办学校分类管理前出台的,针对的是非营利性民办学校。营利性
民办学校虽然登记为企业法人,但企业减税降费的利好政策对其影响甚微。此外,还存在非营利性民办学校同等税收优惠落实不到位、营利性民办学校税收优惠不系统、现有民办学校转设税收政策不明确等问题。建议切实落实非营利性民办学校税收优惠政策,针对营利性民办学校进行税收政策系统设计,同时参照企业重组、改制的经验制定现有民办学校转设企业法人税收优惠政策。
关键词:民办学校;分类管理;税收优惠
Tax Issues and Suggestions of Private Schools under the
Classified Management of For-profit and Non-profit
HU Wei,ZHANG Xin,FANG Jianfeng
(Shanghai Academy of Educational Sciences,Shanghai200032,China)Abstract:The existing education tax preferential policies were issued before the implementation of the classified management of private schools and were aimed at non-profit private schools.Although for-profit private schools are registered as enterprise legal persons,the favorable policies of tax reduction and fee reduction have little impact on them.In addition,there are problems such as the inadequate implementation of the same tax incentives for non-profit private schools,unsystematic tax incentives for
for-profit private schools,and unclear tax policies for the conversion of existing private schools.It is recommended to implement tax preferential policies for non-profit private schools,to design tax policy systems for for-profit private schools,and to formulate preferential tax policies for the transfer of existing private schools to corporate legal persons based on the experience of corporate restructuring.
Keywords:private schools;classified management;tax incentives
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