TheLottery英文赏析
The Lottery 英文赏析
The short story Lottery is the classic work of famous American novelist Shirly Jackson.It narrators the story about the people of a small town held an aniversal activity of lottery , and the person who got the lottery would be hit to death by stones for the sake of havrest of the following year. The narrator centers on the actions and simple language of each town people from an obejective perspective to reflect the blind obedience, less of rationality and cruel coldness of human nature of the whole town people.
The essay will focus on the analysis of the characters to dig up the deep themes of the short story. The difference between The Lottery and other stories is that there is no clear clue to define who are the leading roles and who are the supporting roles. In other words , the whole town people is the a complete protagonist.
In the story, the narrator shows us the whole process the lottery activity just like a professional reporter, she described each plot with calm attitude and we could not see any personal feeling or expectation of the writer from any character of the whole town people.In the small town , the activity of lottery was presented by a man who was named Mr Summers, who had time and energy to devote to the civic activities. He was a round-faced，jovial man and he ran the coal business，and people were sorry for him，because he had no children and his wife was a scold.
The name Summers has implied us the social status and infulences of Mr Summers, he was the owner of the coal business and had power on the whole town people. Every living summer, he gathered the people together and held the lottery ceremony which cost one human being' life to keep the stupid suspitious saying:lottery in June, corn be heavy soon. The group of people like Mr Summers had controls not only on the whold process of the lottery but also the economic resources even destinies. The lottery was only a kind of ritual which was used to blind their souls, transfer their disatisfy about the real life and take out their anger on the much miserier person-the lottery winner.
The old man Mr Warner was the eldest person in the town who was supposed to the wisdom in common sense, instead he was the representive of
the most fatuous and cruel human beings. He has been in the lottery for 77 years qutoed what he said: "Seventy-seventh year I been in the Lottery" as he went through the crowd :Seventy seven times. We can understand from a different view: He has been taking part in killing people to death for more than seventy times. The luckiness of he could escape from each
life-risk in the lottery has been transformed into huge zealous passion to keep this convention and defend anyone who even thought about abandoning this ritual in head.
The lottery tradition has been kept year by year, there was a human being was hit to death year by year, until this year when the narrator reported to us , we still could not see a sign that it would be changed.
So the lottery winner Tessie in this year was just like everyone in the past,she was the victim for others to keep their blind ritual. We don't know why the writer chose Tessie to be the victim. There was no any singal which implies Tessie would be the one who got the lottery. She was like everyone who came for this ceremony as a participant and a vindicator as well.
<；抽彩>讲述美国的一个普通小村镇的古老传统仪式：村民们每年举行一次抽彩活动，抽
出中彩者用乱石打死来保证收获.雪利·杰克逊用独特的风格揭示人性的残忍、不仁道
和社会对个体的迫害，因此引起许多争议.本文分析<；抽彩>的冲突、背景、人物塑造、
象征和讽刺手法.
Abstract：
The story "The Lottery"tells the traditional annual lottery ritual in an
ordinary American town,but the winner will be scrailced for harvest.Shidey
Jackson employs her unique style to convey the inhumanity,cruelty of people
and victimization of individual,and wins her many fames and criticisms.The
paper appreciates literary devices such as
conflicts,sening,characterization,symbolism and irony in the"The lottery".
the lottery译为《摸彩》，说的俗一点就是抽，但其性质不同，结果也不同。这篇文章相当复杂，不
是它太难懂而是里面的事情实在是与中国的文化没有一点交接，用中国话说就是封建迷信，还是相当封建。
我大概读了3遍以后，差不多看懂说什么了，又去查查资料才了解实质，写作背景就是反乌托邦，这个反乌
托邦更是相当复杂，有兴趣自己去查吧，然后继续这个作者是个美国人叫Shirley Jackson。据说这个人相当强悍，很会讲故事，被人称为天才小说家，而且她讲的故事都很幽默，而且不经意之间就流露出来，
要人们心神领会，怪不得读着很有难度，之后就是她的小说结尾往往很令人意外，这个确实是。自这篇文章出版以后她的粉丝就是越来越多了，还被誉为“作家的作家”，因为有很多作家都崇拜她，果然很无敌。
文章开头就埋伏笔设悬念，从一帮小小孩子堆石子开始引出抽奖的整个过程，其中细节描写相当入微。例如，故事里的人物姓名，就具有丰富的象征。
负责摸彩活动的萨莫思（Summers），英文意思是“夏天”，其复数形式暗指年头或曰时光的流逝；他的助手格瑞午思（Graves），则意为“坟墓”，这既暗示了每次摸彩的结果都是某一个人的死亡，也暗示了摸
彩活动本身最终应该的去处——这应当也是作者本人的意图吧。德拉克柔（Delacroix）这个名字的原意为“十字架的”；可是，作者在故事的开头处就专门说明，村民们总是把这个名字念错，并且完全忘记了正
确的读法。这其中的深意自然是关涉基督教的——村民们早就无法正确理解基督教的真正教义了。此外，那个摇摇欲坠的三条腿的破凳子，被看作是暗指失去权威的三位一体的神权。
那个破旧的黑盒子, 则既象征着死亡，也象征传统的陈旧以及村民对传统的混沌与盲从；此外，黑盒
子是用多年以前的“老盒子的残余木板”拼成的，这个细节也暗示了摸彩活动所代表的传统已经变质并远远
落后于时代。真是相当的复杂。
在所有的象征和寓意里，含意最丰富的还是故事的情节——作为仪式的杀人。《摸彩》在故事开始时, 描写了一幅伊甸园般的美好景，村民们也相处和平。但是在故事的结尾，人们读到的却是一场与美好环境格格不入的杀戮。尤其令人发指的是，这是一次和平时期亲人和邻里间的残杀。
《圣经》里描写的人类第一次杀人，就发生在兄弟之间。那是人类始祖亚当和夏娃的长子该隐对兄弟亚伯的残杀。值得注意的是，上帝接下来的警告是，如果有人因此想杀该隐，则“必遭报七倍”，可见杀人罪
之严重。然而，如此严厉的警告依然没有使人类停止杀戮。整个人类历史记满了人与人的自相残杀。死去的人就像替罪羊，或是为了“玉米快熟”一类的眼前利益，或是为了其他更丰厚的经济目的。
为了让读者不至于忽略这个重要的寓意，杰克逊还利用了石头杀人的典故。这个典故也出自《圣经》一篇著名寓言。耶稣的敌人要求耶稣依照摩西之律，用石头砸死淫妇。可是，当耶稣说“你们当中谁没有罪，谁先拿石头砸她！”时，人们“便从年老的开始，一个接一个溜走了”。
不过，在《摸彩》中，人们读到的情节却恰恰相反：最年长的沃内没有丝毫的反省意识，反而是他在带头招呼人们去拿石头砸人。当然，所有的村民都和他一样，盲从并自以为是。因此，在集体参与下，在和平时期，全村人联手杀害了一个自己人。这个问题相当严重啊，就好比是那个法，不仅危害自己，简直就是迫害全人类。从上看出相信科学有多么重要啊
这篇文章看到这就差不多了，但我还在网上看到了更深一层的了解，还是从作者的背景入手介绍杰克逊从小生长在富裕的中产阶级家庭。她的母亲笃信美丽是女孩幸福之源的传统观念，一心要把她培养成和自己
左派右派是什么意思一样的社交圈中人，美丽并讨人喜欢。可是，杰克逊虽相貌端正, 却对当可爱的洋娃娃毫无兴趣。为了反叛母亲的传统观念，她把自己吃得胖胖的，然后嫁给了一个犹太知识分子的大学教授。可是，在美国东部佛蒙特的偏僻小大学里，反犹、反知识的传统同样令杰克逊感到窒息般的压抑。在她心里，她，乃至她的家人，似乎都是那个城市的异类，而她所做的，就是保持自我，拒绝依顺社会习俗。她和环境及邻里的紧张对峙，不仅化作她的作品情节，同时也成为她的精神生活的写照。
还有人从社会层面来分析在《摸彩》中的深层意义。二十世纪四十年代，世界动荡，战争频繁。帝国主义，殖民主义，法西斯主义和极权主义泛滥成灾。西方文坛因之出现了一批“反乌托邦”作家和作品，探索
人类世界种种悲剧性的未来。不论是从科学技术的角度去预见人类社会的暗淡前景，还是从政治体制入手去否定国家机器的违反人性，所有这些作品都是从社会制度或统治形式的角度，对现实提出质疑和批判。《摸彩》延续并深化了这个主题。它所质疑的不是众人皆知的帝国主义、殖民主义或法西斯主义的罪恶，而是被寄予希望的“多数人统治”——民主制度。《摸彩》一针见血，直触事物本质：即使在集体参与的
民主形式下，在所谓的人人有份和机会平等的社会活动中，民主方法也仍然可能是摧残个体乃至杀人的集体暴行，甚至还充当掩盖暴行的堂皇借口，一如《摸彩》中集体杀死哈太太的决定。《摸彩》就这样毫不留情地瓦解了人们对民主政体的幻想，冷酷地证实了“民主是除了已经先后尝试过的其他形式之外，最糟糕的统治形式”。也难怪对《摸彩》愤怒的不仅来自右派，还有信奉民主理想的左派。
但我觉得最重点还是《摸彩》还毋庸置疑地表明，多数人统治的民主方法不可信赖，是因为它无法制止或消除人性深处对权力和金钱的贪欲，对他人受苦受难的漠然置之，以及对自己逃脱灾难的幸灾乐祸。因此，《摸彩》虽然也批判了不合理的传统，各种权力形式，以至于男权主义，但是它的靶标中心是连民主也无法制止的人性黑暗。不少读者无法接受的一个细节是，就连传统、权力和男权主义的多重受害者哈太太，也是一个自私的人——为了减少自己抽中的机会，她竟违背惯例，要求嫁出去了的大女儿也参加第二轮摸彩。这个细节曾经激怒众多读者，包括杰克逊的母亲。
《摸彩》一针见血，直触事物本质：即使在集体参与的民主形式下，在所谓的人人有份和机会平等的社会活动中，民主方法也仍然可能是摧残个体乃至杀人的集体暴行。
读完以后也颇有些体会首先还是发现迷信对人的迫害，接着了解社会的黑暗，最后是对作者表示相当佩服，在社会的重压下仍能够执着的向前，为自己的小说而挖掘社会最黑暗最真实一面，却是令我刮目相看。

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