一般过去时变化规则
一般过去时变化规则
(1)一般在动词后加-ed。
如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed,
Destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。
如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。
(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。
如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.
(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。
如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.
★重读闭音节三要素：（1）一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母
（2）以一个辅音音素结尾；
（3）元音字母发短元音。
★长元音：[i:][ə:][a:][ɔ:][u:]
短元音：[e] [i] [ʌ] [æ][ə][ɔ][u]
常用不规则动词分类表
⒈ A---A---A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形）
cost cost cost 花费cut cut cut 割，切hit hit hit 打let let let 让put put put 放下read read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 伤
⒉ A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）
beat beat beaten 打
⒊ A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）
come came come 来become became become 变
run ran run 跑
⒋ A ---B ---B型
⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn burnt burnt 燃烧learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习
mean meant meant 意思hear heard heard 听见
⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑lend lent lent 借给
lose lost lost 失去send sent sent 送spend spent spent 花费
⑶其他
pay paid paid 付lay laid laid 下蛋say said said 说bring brought brought 带来buy bought bought 买
think thought thought 想catch caught caught 抓住
teach taught taught 教fight fought fought 战斗
sleep slept slept 睡keep kept kept 保持
meet的过去式
sweep swept swept 扫stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白win won won 得胜shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光feel felt felt 觉得find found found 发现get got got 得到
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂have had had 有hold held held 盛，握leave left left 离开
make made made 制造meet met met 遇见
sell sold sold 卖shoot shot shot 射击
tell told told 告诉sit sat sat 坐
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻dig dug dug 挖
⒌ A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）
⑴在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下
steal stole stolen 偷give gave given 给
freeze froze frozen 冻结take took taken 拿

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