新东方中高级口译口试词汇必备
CHAPTER 2
SOCIETY
社会
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编者提示:
社会及社会问题话题与我们生活息息相关, 是口译考试的每一个阶段每个部分
(笔试, 口语, 口译) 都可能出现的. 本章对一些较难理解的表达比如“Kinsey
six” (金赛六级) 等词汇进行了详析.
A
abortion [ ] n. 人工流产, 堕胎
abuse of power n. 滥用职权
academic society n. 学术社团
altruism [ ] n.利他主义, 利他
[详析] sacrifice of the self for the welfare of others.
an aging population n. 人口老龄化
asylum [ ] n.庇护(一国政府对他国政治难民提供的保护和豁免)
B
benevolent [ ] adj. 乐善好施的
[glossary] [扩展]
1.  a benevolent fund 施善基金
2.  a charitable foundation [ ] 慈善基金
3.eleemosynary relief [ ] 施舍性的救济；
4.philanthropic contributions [ ] 慈善捐献
bigamy [ ] n. 重婚
birth rate n. 人口出生率
burglarproof door / antitheft door[ ] n. 防盗门
C
casuistry [ ] 判断是非(使用伦理学的基本原理判断行为对错或良心是非) chain effect; domino effect[ ] n. 连锁反应
charitable adj. 慈善的, 仁慈的
civic morality n. 社会公德
community n.社区
community of nations n.国际社区, 国际社会
community service n. 社区服务
corruption n. 贪污
court of ethics n. 道德法庭
crime n. 犯罪
[glossary] [扩展]
1.arson [ ] n.纵火, 纵火罪
2plaint center n. 投诉中心
4.drug rehabilitation center [ ] n. 戒毒所
5.drug trafficker[ ] n. 毒枭
6.drug-related crimes n. 犯罪
8.frequent property-related crimes n. 多发性侵财犯罪
9.juvenile delinquency [ ] n. 青少年犯罪
10.narcotics squad [ ] n. 缉毒队
13.sexual harassment[ ] n. 性骚扰
14.shoplifting [ ] n. 在商店偷窃商品
15.smuggling [ ] n. 走私
16.theft [ ] n. 偷窃行为
17.violent crimes n. 暴力犯罪
D
demography [ ] / larithmics[ ] n. 人口学, 人口统计学
[glossary] [扩展]
1.size n. 数量
3.density [ ] n. 密度
4.distribution n.分布
5.vital statistics n.人口动态统计
6.demogram [ ] n. 人口统计图
7.social demography n. 社会人口学
DINK (Double Income No Kids) [ ] n. 丁克一族
discrimination [ ] n. 歧视
[glossary] [扩展]
1.age discrimination n.年龄歧视
2.discrimination against women n. 歧视妇女
3.Feminism [ ] n. 男女平等主义；女权运动
4.Feminist movement n. 女权运动
5.femininity [ ] n.妇女特质, 柔弱性, 温柔
7.job discrimination n. 工作歧视
8.male chauvinism [ ] n. 男权主义思想
9.politically correct (PC) adj. 政治性正确的
[详析] a speech code designed to limit free speech, conforming to a belief
that language and practices which could offend political sensibilities (as in
matters of sex or race) should be eliminated.
10. politically incorrect adj. 政治性不正确的
11. Masculism [ ] adj. 提倡保护男权的
[详析]The ideological flip side of feminism. It teaches that sexual equality
laws serve primarily women and have created significant unconstitutional
discrimination against men. That these laws are "anti-male" discrimination
laws have been used to justify the vilification of men and the curtailing of
men's rights.
12. masculinity [ ] n.男性, 阳刚之气
13. sexism [ ] n.男性至上主义, 蔑视女性
[详析]discrimination against women in job opportunities, education, military, etc.
sexual harassment n. 性骚扰
disparity n. 不一致, 不同, 不等
drug abuse n.
E
egalitarian [ ] adj. 主张人人平等的n. 平等主义
eliminate terrorism at root消除恐怖主义的根源
emotion quotient (EQ)[ ] n. 情商
F
forum [ ] n. 论坛
favorable location n. 地理优势
family n.
[扩展]
1.immediate family n.直接家庭成员(双亲和依附的孩子)
3. family tree n. 族谱, 家谱图
4. relative n. 亲属, 亲戚
5. foster father n.养父
6. legal guardian [ ] n. 法定监护人
7. step mother n. 继母
8. in-law [ ] n.姻亲
9. ex-husband n. 前夫
10. adopted daughter n. 养女
11. nephew [ ] n.侄子, 外甥
12. niece [ ] n.侄女, 甥女
14. second cousin n. 第二代堂兄妹，第二代表兄妹
G
gambling n. 赌博
gay n. / adj. 同性恋者（的）
[glossary] [扩展]
1. bisexual [ ] adj.双性恋的n. 双性恋者
2. dike (dyke) [ ] (蔑) n. 搞同性恋的女人
3. drag v./ n. (男穿)女装, (女穿)男装
4. drag queen n. 好在公共场合装扮成女性的男性
5. effeminate [ ] adj.柔弱的, 女人气的, 娇气的
6. faggot [ ] (贬)n. 男性同性恋
7. gay community n. 同性恋社团
8. gaydar [ ] n. 同性恋雷达(辨认是否为‘同志’)
9. heterosexual [ ] adj. 异性恋的n.异性恋的人
10. homophobia [ ] n. 对同性恋的憎恶（或恐惧）
11. homosexual adj.同性恋的n.同性恋者
什么是丁克一族12. homosexual marriage n. 同性婚姻
13. Kinsey six [ ] n. 金赛六级（彻头彻尾的同性恋者）
[详析]a person who is completely homosexual, as opposed to one with some
bisexual inclinations. sex researcher alfred kinsey developed a scale from 0 to 6 to
indicate a subject's sexual orientation. a person with no homosexual feelings was
ranked a zero. someone exclusively homosexual was a 6.
14. lesbian [ ] n. 女性同性恋者
15. lez [ ] n. [贬]女同性恋者
16. out of the closet n. 公开自己的同性取向
17. queer [ ] n.同性恋者
18. sexual orientation n. 性取向
19. transgendered (TG) [ ] adj. 变性的
20. transsexual adj. 有异性转化欲的n. 变性者
21. transvestite [ ] n. 异性模仿欲, 易装癖者
grant-in-aid n. 补助金, 赠款
geographic location n. 地理位置
geographic advantage n. 地理优势
gray income n. 灰收入
H
hardened professional (criminal) n. 惯犯
have an affair / an ultra-marriage affair n. 婚外恋
hedonism [ ] n. 享乐主义
home for the aged / seniors' home n. 敬老院
I
illiteracy [ ] n. 文盲
income disparity[ ] n. 收入分化；贫富分化
infant mortality [ ] n. 婴儿死亡率
IPR (intellectual property right) n. 知识产权
[glossary] [扩展]
1.piracy [ ] n. 非法翻印，盗版
2.bootleg n./ v. 盗版
7.author's royalty [ ] n. 著者版税, 作者稿酬
9.fight against illegal publications v. “打非”
10.underground publications n. 地下出版物
11.anti-fake label n. 防伪标志
L
law of the jungle n. 弱肉强食法则
lawsuit [ ]n.诉讼
[glossary] [扩展]
1.lawyer n.律师
2.attorney [ ] n. <；美>律师
3.prosecutor [ ] n. 公诉人
4.case of public prosecution n. 公诉案件
5.win a lawsuit v. 胜诉
6.appeal to a higher court v. 上诉
7.charge v./n. 控告
8.drop a lawsuit v. 撤消控告
10.barrister [ ] n.(在英国有资格出席高等法庭并辩护的)律师, 法律顾问
11.solicitor [ ] n.（多用于英国）初级律师，只能在低级法庭出庭的律师

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