英语短语、句型常用搭配词典2
常用英语短语、句型与搭配词典(二)
finish
1. finish (doing) sth做完某事。如：
Have you finished (reading) the book? 这本书你读完了吗?
There was a deadly silence after she finished speaking. 她说完话后是一片沉默。
2. finish off [up]
(1) 吃完，吃光。如：
Let’s finish off the wine. 我们把酒喝了。
The cat will finish up the fish. 猫会把鱼吃完的。
(2) 做完，结束。如：
We finish up in Paris. 我们在巴黎结束行程。
She finished off her speech by thanking her sponsors. 她结束演讲前，感谢了赞助她的人。
3. finish with sth (sb)
(1) 完成或结束后不再用某人或某物。如：
Have you finished with the newspaper? 报纸你看完了吗?
Can you wait for a moment? I’ve not finished with Mary. 请稍等一下，我和玛丽还没有完事呢。
注：有时用于以下这样的系表结构：
Are you finished with the scissors? 剪刀你用完了吗?
(2) 与某人绝交或断绝联系。如：
He should finish with such friends. 他应该与那些朋友绝交。
I’ve finished with smoking. 我已戒烟了。
fire
1. catch [take] fire着火，开始燃烧。如：
Cotton catches fire easily. 棉花容易着火。
The house took [caught] fire. 房子着火了。
2. make [start, build] a fire生火。如：
Let’s start [make, build] a fire. 我们生个火吧。
You put up the tent and I’ll start the fire. 你搭帐篷，我来生火。
注：start a fire 有时表示“引起火灾”。如：
A cigarette thrown into the woods in dry weather may start a fire. 干燥时将点燃的香烟扔在树林里会引起火灾。
2. on fire着火。如：
The house is on fire. 房子着火了。
Her clothes were on fire. 她的衣服着火了。
3. set fire to sth / set sth on fire使燃烧，放火烧。如：
He set fire to the house. / He set the house on fire. 他放火烧了房子。
first
1. be the first to do sth是做某事的第一个。如：
He was the first (man) to come. 他是第一到的。
Whoever is the first to finish will get a prize. 头一个做完的人得奖。
2. I t’s the first time＋that-clause第一次做某事。如：
It’s the first time I’ve come here. 这是我第一次来这儿。
It’s the first time that he has seen an elephant. 这是他第一次见到大象。
注：该句型的从句谓通常用现在完成时态。
3. the first time第一次(用作连词)。如：
He fell in love with her the first time he saw her. 他对她一见钟情。
The first time I flew in a plane I was really nervous. 我第一次坐飞机时真的很紧张。
比较：When I flew in a plane for the first time, I was really nervous.
4. at first开始，起初。如：
I found English very difficult at first. 我开始发现英语很难。
At first I didn’t like him but now I do. 起初我不喜欢他，但现在喜欢了。
比较 first 与 at first：前者强调先生顺序，后者强调前后对照。比较：
I’ll have to finish my homework first. 我得先把作业做完。
At first I didn’t want to go, but I soon changed my mind. 我开始不想去，但我很快就改变了主意。
憖拝櫪洀
fit
1. be fit for [to do] sth适合做(做)某事。如：
The water is not fit to drink. 这水不适合饮用。
He’s not fit for [to do] the work. 他不适合做这项工作。
注：后接不定式时，若主语与不定式有动宾关系，不定式可用主动式，也可用被动式。如：
They are not fit to eat [to be eaten]. 它们不适合食用。
2. fit sb (sth) for sth使某人(某物)能适合于……。如：
The course fits you for the position. 学习这门课程能使你胜任这个职位。
3. fit sth to sth使某事物与某事物相符合。如：
Let me fit my plan to yours. 让我的计划来配合你的计划。
We always fit our deeds to our words. 我们向来说话算数。
fix
1. fix on sb (sth) 选定或确定某人(某事物)。如：
We fixed on Bill as the new chairman. 我们决定让比尔当新的主席。
Have you fixed on the date for the meeting? 你们确定了开会的时间吗?
注：有时可后接动名词。如：
We have fixed on starting tomorrow. 我们决定明天出发。
2. fix to do sth决定做某事。如：
He is fixing to study abroad. 他决定出国留学。
We have fixed to return home. 我们决定返回家。
注：有时不定式前或带有疑问词。如：
We haven’t fixed where to stay. 我们还没决定住什么地方。
Have you fixed who (is) to lead? 你们决定了谁做领导吗?
3. fix sb up with sth为某人安排或提供某事或某物。如：
I’ll fix you up with a place to stay. 我来给你安排住处。
Can you fix me up with a job? 你能为我安排一个工作吗?
4. fix sth on [upon] sth把某物集中于某物。如：
He fixed his eyes on the picture on the wall. 他的眼睛盯着墙上的画。
He fixed his thoughts [attention] on his work. 他全神贯注地工作。
5. fix up决定，安排。如：
Let’s fix up a time for the party. 我们给聚会订个时间吧。
We haven’t fixed up the date of her visit yet. 她访问的日期我们还没有作出决定。
注：该用法中的副词 up 常可省略。
flood
1. a flood of大量的。如：
What a flood of rain! 好大的雨啊!
A flood of letters came. 收到了大量的信件。
2. in flood (洪水)泛滥。如：
The river is in flood. 河水泛滥。
follow
1. as follows如下。如：
The rules are as follows. 规则如下。
His explanation is as follows. 他的解释如下。
2. be followed by跟在……之后。如：
In English the letter Q is always followed by a U. 英语中的字母 Q 后总要跟一个字母U。
The lightning was quickly followed by heavy thunder. 闪电过后紧接着是响雷。
3. follow one’s example仿效某人的做法。如：
He followed his sister’s example and went to college. 他效仿他的也进了大学。
I don’t want you to follow my example and rush into marriage. 我希望你不要效法我，也仓促结婚。
fond
1. be fond of sb (sth) 喜欢某人(某事物)。如：
He is very fond of Chinses food. 他很喜欢吃中国菜。
Tell me whether he is fond of you. 告诉我他是否喜欢你。
2. be fond of doing sth喜欢做某事。如：
He is very fond of playing the piano. 他很喜欢弹钢琴。
She is fond of going to the cinema. 她喜欢看电影。
fool
1. be fool enough to do sth (某人)做某事真是很蠢。如：
He was fool enough to believe her. 他真笨，竟然去相信她的话。
2. make a fool of sb欺骗或愚弄某人。如：
Don’t make a fool of the old lady. 不要捉弄这位老太婆。
We were all made fools of by the door-to-door salesman. 我们全给上门的推销员哄骗了。
3. make a fool of oneself出洋相，出丑。如：
Sorry I made such a fool of myselflast night. I musthave been drunk. 对不起，我昨晚真是出丑了，我一定是喝醉了。
foolish
1. I t’s foolish of sb to do sth某人做某事是愚蠢的。如：
It’s foolish of you to believe her. 你相信她真是太蠢了。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说出那样的话来，真是太蠢了。
注：该句型也可转换为：
She was foolish to say such a thing.
You are foolish to believe her.
foot
1. at the foot of
(1) 在……的脚下。如：
At the foot of the mountain there was an inn. 山脚下有家客栈。
(2) 在……的尾端。如：
Spare blankets lay at the foot of each bed. 每张床的床尾都放有备用毛毯。
2. on foot步行。如：
We went to the station on foot. 我们步行去车站。
Do you go to school on foot or by bike? 你上学是步行还是骑自行车?
3. to one’s feet……起来。如：
Hearing the news he rose (jumped) to his feet. 听到这消息，他站(跳)了起来。
He came over and brought the old man to his feet. 他走过来把老人扶了起来。
forbid
1. forbid sb sth禁止或不准某人使用某物或进入某处。如：
forgetHis wife forbids him wine. 他老婆不准他喝酒。
We forbid him the house. 我们不准他进屋。
2. forbid doing sth禁止或不准做某事。如：
We forbid smoking in the office. 本办公室内不准吸烟。
I forbid him [his] going there again. 我不准他再去那儿。
注：forbid 一般不直接跟不定式作宾语。
3. forbid sb to do sth禁止或不准某人做某事。如：
I forbid him to go there again. 我不准他再去那儿。
The teacher forbids the students to read such books. 老师不准学生看那样的书。
注：通常不说forbid sb from doing sth, 尽管现代英语已有此用法，但很多词书反对这一用法，中学生宜慎用。
force
1. force sb to do [into doing] sth迫使某人做某事。如：
They forced her to sign [into signing] the paper. 他们强迫她在文件上签字。
He was forced to leave (into leaving) the country. 他被迫离开这个国家。
2. by force靠武力，强行。如：
The soldiers took the prisoners away by force. 士兵把犯人强行带走了。
The thief took the money from the old man by force. 小偷强行从这位老人身上抢走了钱。
3. by force of sth靠某物，凭借某物。如：
The crowd broke open the locked gate by force of numbers. 这人凭借人多把上锁的大门冲开了。
The hardest things become easy by force of habit. 成了习惯之后，再难的事也变得容易。
forget
1. forget to do sth忘记去做某事。如：
I forgot to post the letter. 我忘记寄信了。

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