与房屋有关英语词汇
与房屋有关的词汇 House（房子）

semi-detached house 半独立式房子（一栋房子从中间隔开，成为两户人家，花园也用篱笆隔开）

detached house 独立式房子(一家拥有)

terraced houses/ row houses 连栋房屋(互相连接的一排房屋；两幢之间只有一层墙壁相隔)

fence 篱笆

front door 房子前门

garage 车库

driveway 车库通向马路的空地

Flat/Apartment (公寓)

block of flats 公寓楼

ground floor 第一层

first floor 第二层

lift/elevator 电梯

stairs 楼梯

steps 楼外的台阶


balcony 阳台

Renting (租房)

你如果打算租房子，不妨进来看一下这一段对话，看房的时候就知道跟房东说什么了 。

landlord 房东

rent 房租

House Leasing Contract 房屋合同

deposit 定金

furnished house/ apartment有家具的房子/公寓

unfurnished house/ apartment 无家具的房子/公寓

a vacant room/ a spare room 空房

single room 单人间

double room 双人间

utilities 水、电、煤气和垃圾处理等费用

flatmate 合住一套公寓的人；合租者

letting agency 房屋中介

赛尔号索伦森

agency fee 中介费

海外留学租房三攻略

home stay 寄宿家庭，指和房东住在一起，由房东提供食宿）

university accommodation 学校宿舍（住在大学提供的宿舍里）

哪天入伏啊private accommodation 私人住房

Room (房间)

cozy 温馨的

living room/lounge 起居室 ；客厅

bedroom 卧室

main bedroom 主卧

carpet 地毯

coffee table （置于沙发前的）茶几

armchair 单人沙发

sofa 沙发

remote control 遥控器


radiator 暖气片

central heating 中央供暖

fridge/ freezer 冰箱

kettle 电烧水壶

stool 厨房高脚椅

oven 烤箱

dishwasher 洗碗机

tap 水龙头

sink 洗碗池

cupboard 橱柜

shower 淋浴/犯罪电影冲凉

bath 浴缸

中国十大旅游胜地bathroom 卫生间

main bathroom 主卫

toilet 马桶


Buy a (an)flat/ apartment 买房

real estate 房地产

mortgage 按揭（指向银行借长期抵押贷款，用来买房子）

down payment 政治面貌有哪几种类型首付

completed apartment/flat 现房（指已建好供销售的房子）

forward housing delivery 期房

resold apartment 二手房

affordable housing 经济适用房

housing price 房价
Financing is the key to most real estate transactions , so if you are buying real estate for your personal use , consumer credit considerations are of paramount importance . Unlike the standard stock leveraging scheme , where the debt is capped at 50 percent of the principal value of the transaction , the standard debt-to-asset ratio in real estate or what the banks call the loan-to-value ratio , is 80 percent ,with a 20 percent down payment . In such an instance , the lender looks as much to the credit of the borrower as to the value of the property , to be sure of repayment . Hence , your record of payment of other debts , or lack thereof , will be a critical factor in whether or not you get credit for a home purchase . Other factors that come into play are your overall financial picture . If you have large amounts of other assets such as stocks , that will help . Retirement assets such as individual retirement accounts (IRAs) cannot be used to secure loans , but even they may indirectly count in a borrower’s favor as evidence of astuteness .

排骨做法
  If you are buying property for rental as a business , then more businesslike considerations apply . The bank will still want to evaluate loan-to-value and income-to-debt service ratios , but may give lesser weight to your personal financial situation . Your past business experience , either in real estate or in other areas , will be taken into account , as will your business credit record . In unusual cases , the lender may require you to sign for loans personally , in which case your personal financial situation will matter . There are several types of lenders . The most common one is a financial institution such as a bank or a savings and loan . A second is government agencies such as Veteran’s Administration or the Federal Housing Authority . The third source of financing is owner financing .

  对于大多数房地产交易来说，关键在于资金问题的解决。一旦你决定买房，重中之重便是考虑消费品信用贷款。与标准存量中要求债务上限为交易本金的50%的平衡计划不同，在房市中，标准负债与资产比率（银行称之为贷款与价值比率）可达80%，只需20%的预付
定金。在这种情况下，贷方把借方的信誉和资产看得同样考试&大重要，以确保借方有能力偿还债务。所以，你的其它债务的还款记录（或者记录缺失）将会成为致命因素，直接影响你能否获得购房信贷。当然，还有一些因素在起着作用，它们也会影响你的整个筹资计划。你如果有大量的诸如股票之类的另类资产的话，这会对你的信贷非常有利。个人退休金帐户之类的退休资产虽然不能用来做贷款担保，可即便如此，它们却会证明你很精明，并因此而博得贷方的好感。

  如果你购房是为了商业经营，那你就需要一步步深思熟虑。银行仍然会对你的贷款与价值和工资与债务的偿还比率进行评估，但可能会低估你的个人财务状况。你的商业信贷记录也会被纳入评估的考虑范围，以往的经营经验（房地产或是其它领域）也会被予以考虑。特殊情况下，贷方可能要求本人亲自签收贷款，此时，你的个人财务状况就会与此挂钩。贷方分为好多种。最常见的就是银行和信用合作社等金融机构。第二种就是退伍军人管理局和联邦房屋管理局的政府机构。第三种资金来源就是业主融资
A bank will look at the borrower’s income relative to the proposed debt service payments . The rule of thumb during the middle of the twentieth century was that a mortgage should
not be more than two and a half times income . A more current rule of thumb was that mortgage payments should not be more than 28 percent of income , and total debt service payments should not be more than 34 percent of income . In recent years , the latter ratio has been relaxed to as much as 40 percent , a financial stretch . A borrower can even apply for a loan with no income verification . Typically , however , the bank requires a large-than –usual down payment 25 to 35 percent or more , and a clean credit record .

  Somewhat different requirements apply for a government loan . For instance , the Veteran’s Administration will make loans to war veterans at low interest rates . Other government agencies target other constituencies such as low-income housing . If you have a good record of running multi-family houses , you may qualify for government loans for the development and management of low-income units . In such cases , your ability to get the loan is contingent on your meeting the particular politically requirements . Also , government loans are more likely to have onerous terms such as prepayment pena
lties .

  A third source of financing , if you find the right seller and are persuasive enough , is owner financing . A mortgage is nothing more than an IOU in which a buyer agrees to pay a lender the value of the house over a period of time . It is really a way of borrowing money using the house as collateral. The borrower issues a mortgage , and is known as a mortgage , while the lender is known as the mortgage . In this particular instance , the seller is also the lender of the last resort . Occasionally , there will be home advertisements in the newspaper that say OWC , or owner will carry .

  针对预定的债务偿还量，银行还会了解借方的收入情况。20世纪中期单纯经验的方法就是抵押最多为工资的二点五倍。更为流行的单纯经验方法就是抵押贷款月供最多为月薪的28%，总偿债支付款最多为还款期间工资总额的34%。在最近几年，后者已经达到了40%，这就是金融延伸。借方甚至没有收入证明也可以申请贷款，可尽管如此，银行却会特别要求一笔25-35%甚至更多的巨额首付和一个无污点的信贷记录。


  申请政府贷款要求多少会有些不同。例如，退伍军人管理局会给予曾经参战的退伍军人低息贷款。其它政府机构提供的是一些赞助服务，比如对那些低收入家庭。如果你具有一个经营多户住宅的良好记录，你就可以获得政府贷款以对低收入住宅进行开发管理。在这些情况之下，你能否获得贷款取决于你能否遇到政治上的特殊需要。当然，政府贷款更可能包括一些繁苛的条款，比如说提前预付罚金。

  第三种资金来源为业主融资，即通过你的能力，自己发现和说服卖家。其实抵押就是借据，通过这个借据，买方同意在一定的时间范围内偿还房价借款，说到底只是贷款买房方式的一个担保。借方提供了抵押，并将其作为抵押，而且贷方也认可了这个抵押。在这个特例中，卖方其实就是最后贷方。偶尔，新闻上刊登一些房屋广告会提到“业主负责还款”。

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