1，使用WMI方式，有的机器根本取不到硬盘序列号，有的方式在Vista下面会报错。
常用的使用WMI的方式主要有下面一些方式：
class HardDrive
{
private string model = null;
private string type = null;
private string serialNo = null;
public string Model
{
get {return model;}
set {model = value;}
}
public string Type
{
get {return type;}
set {type = value;}
}
public string SerialNo
{
get {return serialNo;}
set {serialNo = value;}
}
}
class TestProgram
{
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//在Vista下面失败
ArrayList hdCollection = new ArrayList();
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new
ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_DiskDrive");
foreach(ManagementObject wmi_HD in searcher.Get())
{
HardDrive hd = new HardDrive();
hd.Model = wmi_HD["Model"].ToString();
hd.Type = wmi_HD["InterfaceType"].ToString();
hdCollection.Add(hd);
}
searcher = new
ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PhysicalMedia");
int i = 0;
foreach(ManagementObject wmi_HD in searcher.Get())
{
// get the hard drive from collection
// using index
HardDrive hd = (HardDrive)hdCollection[i];
// get the hardware serial no.
if (wmi_HD["SerialNumber"] == null)
hd.SerialNo = "None";
else
hd.SerialNo = wmi_HD["SerialNumber"].ToString();
++i;
}
// Display available hard drives
foreach(HardDrive hd in hdCollection)
{
Console.WriteLine("Model\t\t: " + hd.Model);
Console.WriteLine("Type\t\t: " + hd.Type);
Console.WriteLine("Serial No.\t: " + hd.SerialNo);
Console.WriteLine();
}
// Pause application
Console.WriteLine("Press [Enter] ");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
上面的方式先查询Win32_DiskDrive，然后再查询 Win32_PhysicalMedia，经过测试，这种方式不能保证在所有机器上均取得硬盘序列号，而且在Vista下面还会出错，程序直接抛出无法处理的异常。
另外，还可以使用另外一WMI方式，就是查询 PNPDeviceID 的 signature，代码如下：
/// <summar
y>
/// 获取硬盘唯一序列号（不是卷标号），可能需要以管理员身份运行程序
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetHdId()
{
ManagementObjectSearcher wmiSearcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher();
/*
* PNPDeviceID 的数据是由四部分组成的：
1、接口，通常有 IDE，ATA，SCSI；
2、型号
3、（可能）驱动版本号
4、（可能）硬盘的出厂序列号
*
*
*/
//signature 需要程序以管理员身份运行（经过测试，2003系统上非管理员身份也可以运行，查相关资料说，可能在2000系统上获取的值为空）
wmiSearcher.Query = new SelectQuery(
"Win32_DiskDrive",
"",
new string[] { "PNPDeviceID", "signature" }
);
ManagementObjectCollection myCollection = wmiSearcher.Get();
ManagementObjectCollection.ManagementObjectEnumerator em =
myCollection.GetEnumerator();
em.MoveNext();
ManagementBaseObject mo = em.Current;
//string id = mo.Properties["PNPDeviceID"].Value.ToString().Trim();
string id = mo.Properties["signature"].Value.ToString().Trim();
return id;
}
有人说，使用 signature 需要程序以管理员身份运行（经过测试，2003系统上非管理员身份也可以运行），而且查询相关资料说，可能在2000系统上获取的值为空。
使用这种方式，在Vista上面工作良好。
经过测试，使用 signature 均能够取得硬盘序列号，但是跟 Win32_PhysicalMedia 查询出来的号不一样。目前我也不能肯定 使用 signature 能够100%取道硬盘序列号。
使用WMI方式需要客户机开启WMI服务，但这个往往不能保证，所以使用这种方式有一定局限性。
2，使用API方式。
在网上到一片资料，说使用 RING3调用 API DeviceIoControl()来获取硬盘信息，下面是原话：
硬盘序列号（Serial Number）不等于卷标号（Volume Name），后者虽然很容易得到，但是格式化分区后就会重写，不可靠。遗憾的是很多朋友往往分不清这一点。
要得到硬盘的物理序列号，可以通过WMI，也就是Win32_PhysicalMedia.SerialNumber。可惜的是Windows 98/ME的WMI并不支持这个类，访问时会出现异常。
受陆麟的例子的启发，我们还可以通过S.M.A.R.T.接口，直接从RING3调用 API DeviceIoControl()来获取硬盘信息，而不需要写VXD或者DRIVER。这样这个问题就解决了，我对它进行了封装，大量使用了 P/Invoke技术，一个完整的Library。支持Windows 98-2003。
使用上很简单：
HardDiskInfo hdd = AtapiDevice.GetHddInfo(0); // 第一
个硬盘
Console.WriteLine("Module Number: {0}", hdd.ModuleNumber);
Console.WriteLine("Serial Number: {0}", hdd.SerialNumber);
Console.WriteLine("Firmware: {0}", hdd.Firmware);
Console.WriteLine("Capacity: {0} M", hdd.Capacity);
感谢原文作者的贡献，（在这里我已经不知道原文作者是谁了，网上的文章都是转载的），经过测试，这种方式比较准确，但是需要管理员权限运行。
下面把代码分享：
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
namespace HardwareUtility
{
[Serializable]
public struct HardDiskInfo
{
/// <summary>
/// 型号
/// </summary>
public string ModuleNumber;
/// <summary>
/// 固件版本
/// </summary>
public string Firmware;
/// <summary>
/// 序列号
/
// </summary>
public string SerialNumber;
/// <summary>
/// 容量，以M为单位
/// </summary>
public uint Capacity;
}
#region Internal Structs
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
internal struct GetVersionOutParams
{
public byte bVersion;
public byte bRevision;
public byte bReserved;
public byte bIDEDeviceMap;
public uint fCapabilities;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 4)]
public uint[] dwReserved; // For future use.
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
internal struct IdeRegs
{
public byte bFeaturesReg;
public byte bSectorCountReg;
public byte bSectorNumberReg;
public byte bCylLowReg;
public byte bCylHighReg;
public byte bDriveHeadReg;
public byte bCommandReg;
public byte bReserved;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
internal struct SendCmdInParams
{
public uint cBufferSize;
public IdeRegs irDriveRegs;
public byte bDriveNumber;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 3)]
public byte[] bReserved;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 4)]
public uint[] dwReserved;
public byte bBuffer;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
internal struct DriverStatus
{
public byte bDriverError;
public byte bIDEStatus;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 2)]
public byte[] bReserved;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 2)]
public uint[] dwReserved;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
internal struct SendCmdOutParams
{
public uint cBufferSize;
public DriverStatus DriverStatus;
public IdSector bBuffer;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutK
ind.Sequential, Pack = 1, Size = 512)]
internal struct IdSector
{
public ushort wGenConfig;
public ushort wNumCyls;
public ushort wReserved;
public ushort wNumHeads;
public ushort wBytesPerTrack;
public ushort wBytesPerSector;
public ushort wSectorsPerTrack;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 3)]
public ushort[] wVendorUnique;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 20)]
public byte[] sSerialNumber;
public ushort wBufferType;
public ushort wBufferSize;
public ushort wECCSize;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 8)]
public byte[] sFirmwareRev;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 40)]
public byte[] sModelNumber;
public ushort wMoreVendorUnique;
public ushort wDoubleWordIO;
public ushort wCapabilities;
public ushort wReserved1;
public ushort wPIOTiming;
public ushort wDMATiming;
public ushort wBS;
public ushort wNumCurrentCyls;
public ushort wNumCurrentHeads;
public ushort wNumCurrentSectorsPerTrack;
public uint ulCurrentSectorCapacity;
public ushort wMultSectorStuff;
public uint ulTotalAddressableSectors;
public ushort wSingleWordDMA;
public ushort wMultiWordDMA;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 128)]
public byte[] bReserved;
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// ATAPI驱动器相关
/// </summary>
public class AtapiDevice
{
#region DllImport
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern int CloseHandle(IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern IntPtr CreateFile(
string lpFileName,
uint dwDesiredAccess,
uint dwShareMode,
IntPtr lpSecurityAttributes,
uint dwCreationDisposition,
uint dwFlagsAndAttributes,
IntPtr hTemplateFile);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern int DeviceIoControl(
IntPtr hDevice,
uint dwIoControlCode,
IntPtr lpInBuffer,
uint nInBufferSize,
ref GetVersionOutParams lpOutBuffer,
uint nOutBufferSize,
ref uint lpBytesReturned,
[Out] IntPtr lpOverlapped);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern int DeviceIoControl(
IntPtr hDevice,
uint dwIoControlCode,
ref SendCmdInParams lpInBuffer,
uint nInBufferSize,
ref SendCmdOutParams lpOutBuffer,
uint nOutBufferSize,
ref uint lpBytesReturned,
[Out] IntPtr lpOverla
pped);
const uint DFP_GET_VERSION = 0x00074080;
const uint DFP_SEND_DRIVE_COMMAND = 0x0007c084;
const uint DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA = 0x0007c088;
const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
硬盘序列号查询const uint FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001;
const uint FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002;
const uint CREATE_NEW = 1;
const uint OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
#endregion
#region GetHddInfo
/// <summary>
/// 获得硬盘信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="driveIndex">硬盘序号</param>
/
// <returns>硬盘信息</returns>
/// <remarks>
/// 参考lu0的文章：/App/2k1103.html
/// by sunmast for everyone
/// thanks lu0 for his great works
/// 在Windows 98/ME中，S.M.A.R.T并不缺省安装，请将SMARTVSD.VXD拷贝到%SYSTEM%\IOSUBSYS目录下。
/// 在Windows 2000/2003下，需要Administrators组的权限。
/// </remarks>
/// <example>
/// AtapiDevice.GetHddInfo()
/// </example>
public static HardDiskInfo GetHddInfo(byte driveIndex)
{
switch (Environment.OSVersion.Platform)
{
case PlatformID.Win32Windows:
return GetHddInfo9x(driveIndex);
case PlatformID.Win32NT:
return GetHddInfoNT(driveIndex);
case PlatformID.Win32S:
throw new NotSupportedException("Win32s is not supported.");
case PlatformID.WinCE:
throw new NotSupportedException("WinCE is not supported.");
default:
throw new NotSupportedException("Unknown Platform.");
}
}
#region GetHddInfo9x
private static HardDiskInfo GetHddInfo9x(byte driveIndex)
{
GetVersionOutParams vers = new GetVersionOutParams();
SendCmdInParams inParam = new SendCmdInParams();
SendCmdOutParams outParam = new SendCmdOutParams();
uint bytesReturned = 0;
IntPtr hDevice = CreateFile(
@"\\.\Smartvsd",
0,
0,
IntPtr.Zero,
CREATE_NEW,
0,
IntPtr.Zero);
if (hDevice == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new Exception("Open smartvsd.vxd failed.");
}
if (0 == DeviceIoControl(
hDevice,
DFP_GET_VERSION,
IntPtr.Zero,
0,
ref vers,
(uint)Marshal.SizeOf(vers),
ref bytesReturned,
IntPtr.Zero))
{
CloseHandle(hDevice);
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