2016年高考状语从句复习
状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 状语从句指句子用作状语,这个句子说明事情发生的时间、地点、目的、结果、原因。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。
一、分为两大类
1、连词连接,表示两个句子的关系。说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因等的句子分别为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句。
Because he is ill, he can’t be here today.
其中because为连词,引导第一个句子说明第二个句子的原因。所以第一个句子beause he is ill为该句的原因状语从句
2、动词非谓语动词(ving/ved/to do)作状语,不用连词,可以表示两个句子的关系。
Being ill, he can’t be here today.(being ill做原因状语)
初一下册期中试卷To finish his homework, he works hard everyday.(to finish his homework做目的状语)
二、考点
1.as,while,when三个词在引导时间状语从句时,有以下异同
(1)as强调主从句的动作同时发生,有“一边……一边……”的意思,也可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,有“随着……”的意思。如:
①He sang as he walked.他边走边唱。
②As he gets older, he gets more open.
随着年龄的增长,他越发开朗起来。
(2)when强调主从句动作的发生有先后。如:
①When he got there, the classroom had been cleaned.
他到的时候,教室已打扫过了。(主句动作发生在从句动作之前)
②He went to play football when he finished his homework.
做完作业后他就去踢足球了。(主句的动作发生在从句动作之后)
when可作并列连词用,相当于just then,at the time,前一分句多用进行时、be about to或be on the point of doing,表示“正在做……,就在这时发生了另外一件事”或“届时”。如:
赢利模式①I was reading when he suddenly came in.
我正在看书,这时他突然进来了。
②I was about to leave when the telephone rang.我正要离开,就在这个时候电话响了。
③Professor Wang will come to our school for a lecture in May when he will give away his latest works to our school.
王教授将在五月份来我校讲学,届时他会把他最新的著作捐赠给我校。
(3)while强调主句动作发生在从句动作所发生的时间段内,从句的动作必须是延续性动词。如:
①Strike iron while it’s still hot.趁热打铁。
②Will you please take care of my house while I was away?
我外出时你能帮我看家吗?
在这一情况下,从句的动作一定是延续性动词,如果是非延续动词,要用when。如:
Will you please take care of my house when I went away?
2.表示“一……就……”的时间状语从句
清明节是法定节假日吗?港澳通行证办理(1)the moment, the second, the minute, the time, the month/ , immediately, directly, instantly都可引导时间状语从句,相当于as soon as,与一般将来时或一般过去时连用。如:
①I’ll call you immediately I get to New York.
我一到纽约就给你打电话。
②I recognized you the time/I saw you.
我一见到你就认出了你。
当从句的动作发生在将来时,要用一般现在时代替。如:
I’ll set off the moment I receive your letter of invitation.
我一收到你的邀请函就动身。
(2),hardly/引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”。由于为否定词于句首,故用部分倒装,助动词置于主语之前如:
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们刚到车站,火车就开走了
3.until引导的时间状语从句
(1)主句否定式的运用。
这要求我们要弄清主从句之间的逻辑关系,表示“直到……”,主句用肯定句;表示“直到……才……”,主句用否定句。如:
①We discussed the matter until the boss returned.
我们讨论这个问题一直到老板回来。
②We didn’t discuss the matter until the boss returned. 直到老板回来我们才开始讨论这个问题。
国庆放几天(2)时态问题。
从句的动作发生在将来时,用一般现在时代替。如果从句是将来完成时,用现在完成时代替;是过去将来时,用一般过去时代替。如:
①The husband had left his key in his office. He had to wait until her wife came.
丈夫把钥匙落在办公室了,他不得不等到妻子回来。
②Don’t get off until the bus has stopped.
直到车停下来再下车。
(3)倒装句的问题。
not until位于句首时,主句要倒装,其形式是部分倒装,但如果用强调句,则不倒装。如:
①Not until he came back did he find his house had been broken into.
直到他回到家中,才发现他的家有人闯入过。
②It was not until the fish in the river had died out that the villagers realized the importance of environment protection.
直到河里的鱼都死光了,村民们才意识到环4.once引导时间状语从句,带有条件意味,作“一旦……就……”;whenever引导时间状语从句意为“无论什么时候(=no matter when)”。可以引导时间状语从句的还有:before,since,till,until等
①Once you have learned Spanish you will find Italian easy.
你一旦学了西班牙语,就会发现意大利语不难了。
最能打动女孩子的话②Once you began you couldn’t stop.
你一旦开始就停不下来了。
保的重要性。
5.by the time意为“到……时为止”,引导时间状语从句时,如果谓语用一般现在时,其主句的谓语用将来完成时;如果其谓语是一般过去时,主句就用过去完成时
By the time you come home next time, the building will have been finished.
到下次你回家的时候,这栋楼房就建起来了。
另外,the first time“第一次……”,the last time“最后一次……”,any time“随时……”,all the time“总是……”,each time“每次”,every time“每当……时”等也可引导时间状语从句。如:
①Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
你下次来时,一定记住把你的儿子带来。
②The first time I climbed onto the wall, I felt nervous.
我第一次爬到墙上时,感到胆怯。
③You’re welcome to come back any time you want to.
你想回来时随时可以回来。
④Every time I catch a cold, I have a pain in my back.
我每次感冒背就疼。
6.before和since都可引导时间状语从句。其区别是:
(1)若表达“还未……就……”“不到……就……”
“……才……”“趁还没来得及……”,要用before。如:
①We had sailed four days and four nights before we
saw land. 我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。
②We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。
③Please write it down before you forget it.
在你还没有忘记之前把它记下来。
before从句中谓语动词不用否定式。如:
Before they reached the station, the train had gone.他们到火车站前,火车已开走了。
(2)since引导的时间状语从句
A.时态问题。
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198,我们将在24小时内删除。
发表评论