大学英语四级（2013年12月考试改革适用）-试卷194
(总分：118.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)
1.Part I Writing（分数：
2.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：
2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Marks or Abilities
by commenting on the saying, "Experience without learning is better than learning without
experience. " You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
（分数：2.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Marks or Abilities There is a widespread remark saying "Experience without learning is better than learning without experience. " However, people have different opinions
on the tasks of college students. Many students believe that marks are very important. For one
thing, they consider getting good marks as their primary tasks to study and learn from teachers
and textbooks. Also, they seldom take part in social activities for fear that those activities
will affect their studies. However, some students think it is more important to develop one's
own practical abilities. In their opinions, students should not be confined to learning merely
from textbooks, and they should also learn from outside of those books. What's more, they think
it is of primary importance to develop their practical abilities. As far as I am concerned, we
should first try to study hard, and then to develop our abilities. Study is undoubtedly our primary task, but we should not neglect practical abilities either. When we enter the society, we need
various abilities to achieve success. In a word, the sound foundation of knowledge along with
practical abilities is essential for us to succeed in the future.)
解析：
二、 Listening Comprehension(总题数：12，分数：50.00)
3.Part II Listening Comprehension
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：
4.Section A
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：
（分数：4.00）
A.It is a kind of VOCs that mainly comes from building materials.
B.It can make people blind at high concentrations.
C.It is the principle constituent of air fresheners.
D.It can cause nervous system problems at high concentrations. √
解析：
A.Work out all the details on the nail salon solution. √
B.Conduct a new experiment in a nail salon.
C.Find out a truely green solution of air pollution.
D.Test more houseplants on their air cleaning ability.
解析：
（分数：4.00）
A.0.91.
B.0.004. √
C.0.19.
D.0.04.
解析：
A.They are changing all the time.
B.They are as important as long-term trends.
花甲怎样去沙子C.They are relatively stable.
D.They are not so important as long-term trends. √
解析：
（分数：6.00）
A.NASA's next target for New Horizons. √
B.NASA's study of 2014 MU69.
C.The naming of 2014 MU69.
D.The study schedule of New Horizons.
解析：
A.It is as red as Pluto.
B.It is as red as Mars.
C.It is redder than Pluto but not as red as Mars. √
D.It is redder than Mars but not as red as Pluto.
解析：
A.Using observations collected by the Hubble Space Telescope. √
B.Using the materials that astronaut Amanda Zangari collected from it.
C.Using observations collected by New Horizons spacecraft.
D.Using the materials that NASA's space probe collected from it.
解析：
5.Section B
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：
（分数：8.00）
A.Editor and writer. √
B.Editor and reader.
C.Editor and publisher.
D.Colleagues.
解析：
A.Astonished.
B.Excited. √
C.Doubtful.
D.Anxious.
解析：
A.To talk about the payment.
B.To share the good news.
C.To make an appointment. √
D.To discuss the publication date.
解析：
A.He needs to receive an important guest.
B.He has to answer another phone call. √
C.He needs to leave the office soon.
D.He has to attend a meeting right now.
解析：
（分数：8.00）
A.He has to meet an important client.
B.He has to attend an important meeting. √
C.He has to attend a business discussion.
想离婚怎么办D.He has to sign an important contract.
解析：
A.Help him buy some medicine.
B.Change the time of the meeting. √
C.Send some documents to him.
D.Send the cat in his office away.
解析：
A.He has got a fever.
B.He is allergic to drugs.
C.He is allergic to cats. √
D.He has got the flu.
解析：
A.Make an appointment with the doctor.
B.Go to see the doctor directly. √
C.Find the root cause of the man's allergy.
D.Go to have a meeting in the man's company.
解析：
6.Section C
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：
（分数：6.00）
A.They hire only retired workers.
B.They do all the work themselves.
C.They close the hotel during low seasons.
D.They try to keep down the cost of extra staff. √
解析：
A.Staff training.
B.Bookkeeping.
C.Cleaning and washing-up. √
D.Gardening and flower arranging.
解析：
A.They have their hotel beautifully decorated.
B.They provide delicious food.
C.They make their guests feel at home. √
D.They give parties regularly for their visitors.
解析：
（分数：6.00）
A.For the research for the US military. √
B.For the research for a handful of universities.
C.For the research for some government facilities.
D.For the provision of information to its users.
解析：
A.60 million.
B.14 million.
C.84 million. √
D.28 million.
解析：
A.Conveniences brought to consumers through the use of the Internet.
B.Implications of the increasing commercial use of the Internet. √
C.Security risks posed by the commercial use of the Internet.
D.Advantages of Internet banking over traditional banking.
解析：
（分数：8.00）
人民的名义谁是幕后黑手A.They have unwritten regulations. √
B.They never punish the violators.
C.They have the promising prospects.
D.They have strict rules.
解析：
A.He will be perceived as a successful person.
B.He will be less likely to get promotion.
C.He will be more successful.
D.He will be perceived as a shameless climber. √
解析：
A.Try to modify it.
B.Criticize it directly.
C.Don't judge it. √
D.Shoot it down.
解析：
A.He who creates the idea deserves the credit himself. √
B.It doesn't matter if a business owner borrows his employee's idea.
C.You can borrow other people's idea if you work as a team.
D.The victim will forget soon if you borrow his idea.
解析：
三、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：8，分数：60.00)
7.Part III Reading Comprehension
__________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：
8.Section A
__________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：
For centuries, boys were top of the class. But these days, that's no longer the 1 . A new study
by the OECD, e xamined how 15-year-old boys and girls performed at reading, mathematics and science. Boys still score somewhat better at maths, and in science the genders are 2 equal. But when it
comes to the students who really 3 , the difference is obvious: boys are 50% more likely than
girls to fall 4 of basic standards in all three areas. Why are girls performing better at school
than their male classmates? First, girls read more than boys. Reading 5 is the basis upon which
all other learning is built. When b oys don't do well at reading, their performance in other school subjects 6 too. Second, girls spend more time on homework. Researchers suggest that doing homework 7 by teachers is linked to better performance in maths, reading and science. Boys, it 8 , spend
more of their free time in the virtual world: they are 17% more likely to play online games than
girls every day. They also use the Internet more. Third, peer pressure plays a 9 . A lot of boys
decide early on that they are just too cool for school which means they're more likely to be 10
in class. Teachers mark them down for this. In anonymous(匿名的)tests, boys perform better. In
fact, the gender gap in reading drops by a third when teachers don't know the gender of the pupil they are marking.A)appears I)proficiencyB)case J)roleC)distinguishes K)roughlyD)dramatically
L)setE)engaged M)shortF)experience N)struggleG)lazy O)suffers H)noisy
（分数：20.00）上海崇明岛旅游攻略
公务员职业道德规范填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：M）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：I）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：O）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：J）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H）
解析：解析：空格位于系动词be和介词短语in class之间，故应填入形容词。很多男生很早就决定他们
脚肿了怎么办只是学校里的酷学生，这就意味着他们在班级里更可能吵闹，故空格处应填入noisy“喧闹的，有噪音的”。备选的形容词lazy“懒惰的，怠惰的”不符合文意，故排除。
10.Section B
__________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：
Green Burials: Thinking Outside the BoxA)When Bonnie Ramey b uried her husband two years ago, she knew she didn't want to have a typical funeral ceremony at a landscaped cemetery plot. "The
commercialization of funerals is getting out of control," she said. " They get you at your weakest poin
t. In my opinion, they're just ripping off the dead. " Bonnie and her husband, Charles, both nature lovers, spent many h ours hiking through the wooded Appalachian foothills surrounding their home in rural South Carolina. So after Charles died, Bonnie's choice of burial spots was an easy one—down the road from her house is Memorial Ecosystems, one of the only places in the United
States devoted to environmentally sensitive or "green" burials. Simple Living, Simple DyingB)The ideas behind "green" burials are simple. Bodies are not embalmed(对尸体进行防腐处理). Elaborate caskets made o f metal or rare tropical hardwoods are replaced with fabric burial shrouds or simple, biodegradable(生物所能分解的)coffins made of wood or cardboard. Concrete grave liners or vaults that prevent the ground above the coffin from settling are avoided. Perhaps most significantly,
in place of carefully trimmed cemetery grounds, native plants and wildflowers are allowed to
flourish, turning the burial ground into a nature preserve. "It preserves the land and the habitat for the animals," said Ramey. "Our habitat is going quickly, and if we don't preserve it, we won't have any. " Though there are over 200 green cemeteries in Great Britain, the movement is unknown in the United States. South Carolina, Florida, California and Texas have the only four green
cemeteries currently operating in America. Several more green burial facilities are being planned thr
oughout the country.Everything Old Is New A gainC)"A green burial is not about extra work—it's about not doing extra work," said Joshua Slocum, executive director of the Funeral Consumers
Alliance, a group of grassroots organizations interested in alternatives to the choices offered
by the funeral industry. And for advocates of green burials, these aren't unique or unusual
ceremonies. " What people need to remember is that this is not new," said Slocum. "This is a return to what we used to do before the commercial funeral industry came a long. "D)Indeed, many religious traditions follow the basic principles of green burials. Traditional Jewish burial rites, for
example, view embalming as an insult to the dead. Only coffins made completely of wood are
allowed—a metal coffin would be a disrespectful effort to artificially preserve the body. The
modern practice of embalming is relatively new. It was largely unknown until the Civil War, when bodies of Union soldiers were often embalmed in preparation for the long trip home from Southern battlefields. Civil War-area embalming fluids contained poisonous arsenic(). Formaldehyde(甲醛)is now used as a preservative(防腐剂), but formaldehyde is not without its risks.Does Embalming
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