专题02 阅读理解( 说明文 )
钢材价格多少钱一吨距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附靠前30天复习方法。
题源一2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（甲卷）
01晨读词汇
native to 原产于…
let out 发出
recognize 认出，识别
specific 特别的，专门的
visual 视觉的
similar to 与…相似
according to 根据
work out 解决，弄明白
rely on 依赖
a sense of 一种…感
02晨读原文
嘀嘀代驾Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys
in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space（省略句）, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
译文：戈芬凤头鹦鹉，一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉，已被证明具有与人类两岁儿童相似的形状识别能力。虽然不知道在野外会不会使用工具，但事实证明，在笼子里饲养时，这些鸟儿能熟练地使用工具。在最近的一个实验中，凤头鹦鹉看到了一个盒子，里面有一个坚果。盒子的正面有一个几何形状的 "钥匙孔"，鸟儿们得到了五把不同形状的 "钥匙 "供其选择。插入正确的 "钥匙 "就能放出坚果。
在人类中，婴儿在一岁左右就能将圆形放入圆孔中，但要再过一年，他们才能对不太对称的形状做同样的事情。这种认识到一个形状需要转到一个特定的方向才能放进去的能力被称为 "分配中心参照系"。在实验中，戈芬的凤头鹦鹉在大多数情况下，仅凭视觉识别就能
选择合适的工具来完成工作。在使用试错法的情况下，凤头鹦鹉在类似的测试中比猴子做得更好。这表明戈芬凤头鹦鹉在空间移动物体时确实拥有一个分配中心参考框架，与两岁的婴儿相似。
根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试并确定凤头鹦鹉是否完全依赖视觉线索（线索），还是也使用触觉来进行形状选择。
03晚练
语法填空
1.Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while_____ (keep) in the cage.
2.This ability_______( recognize) that a shape will need to be turned on a specific direction.
3.______(Insert) the correct “key” would let out the nut.
1.【答案】kept, birds应被关在笼子里。
2.【答案】to recognize，the ability to do …做…的能力。
3.【答案】Inserting ，动名词短语作主语。
短文改错
1.In humans, baby can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age.
2.But it will be another year before they are able to do a same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
3.This ability to recognize that a shape will need be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”.
4. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able select the right tool for the job
5. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moved objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
1.baby 改为babies.
2.a改为the , the same相同的。
3.need 后加to，need to do .
4.able后加 to，be able to do “能够做…”。
5. moved改为 moving，此句为省略结构，移动物体为主动。
24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?
A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.汤姆克兰西
25. Which task can human 2022高考安排one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?
A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorter
【答案】24. B 25. C 26.D 27. D
【试题解析】
【语篇导读】 通过实验发现，澳大拉西亚地区戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉的形状识别能力相当于两岁的人类幼儿。
24. B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. (虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具)”以及梦见三条大蟒蛇“the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting, the correct “keys” would let out the nut. (研究人员给了这些鸟5把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”凌豹姿野男人会让坚果出来)”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。
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