(完整版)情态动词can的基本用法
情态动词can的基本用法:
情态动词can有一定的词义但不能独立存在它必须与动词原形一起构成谓 语。情态动词can没有人称和数的变化。其具体用法如下
1.表示"能、会"指脑力或体力方面的"能力"。例如
I can speak En glish我会讲英语。
Jim can swim but I can't吉姆会游泳 但我不会。
2表示"可能",常用于否定句或疑问句中指某种可能性,此时can'译为 不 可能”例如:
Han Mei ca n't be in the classroom韩梅不可能在教室里。
Can he come here today, please#问他今天能到这里来吗
3.表示"可以",常用于口语中,指许可或请求做某事,可以代替 may。例如
Can I have a cup of tea, please请问我可以喝一杯茶吗
You can go out你可以出去了。
补充:can的过去式could,意为’能、会”表示过去的能力
女口: He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。
could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could没有过去式的意思。如:Could
you do me a favour?你能帮我个忙吗? 一 Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢
笔吗 Yes, you can可以。(注意回答)
情态动词can的基本句型:
1.肯定句型为主语+can+动词原形+其它。例如
They can play basketbal 他们能打篮球。
She can dance她会跳舞。
You can go to watch TV.你可以去看电视了。
2.否定句型为主语+can not(can't/cannot)+动词原形+其它。表示"某人不能
会。不可能做    "。其中can'tcan not的缩略式英国多写成cannot。例如
You cann ot pass the ball like this你不能像这样传球。
I ca n't ride a motorbike我不会骑摩托车。
3.疑问句句型分为一般疑问句句型和特殊疑问句句型两种类型
⑴一般疑冋句句型为:Can+主语+动词原形+其它。表示"某人会能。可以 做    吗?"用于口语时常表示请求或许可。其肯定答语用""Yes,主语+can."作答;
否定答语用"No,主语+can't."作答。注意答语中做主语的人称代词应根据问句中 的主语作相应的变化。其变化规则为:第一人称问则第二人称答第二人称问则第 一人称答第三人称问第三人称答。例如
1-Can you sing an En glish song for us你可以为我们大家唱一首英语歌吗
-Yes.行。注意在Yes后面常省略lean)
2-Can I skate?我可以滑冰吗
-Yes, you can可以。
3-Can she climb hills?也能爬山吗
-No, she can't 她不能。
⑵特殊疑问句句型为
a.Who+can+动词原形+其它。该句型中 who相当于主语。例如
-Who can sing in English in your class?尔们班上谁会用英语唱歌
-Lily can.莉莉会。
b.特殊疑问词作定语)+名词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑
问词常用 how many, how much等。例女口 :
-How many boats can you see in the river你能看见河中有多少只船吗
-On ly one boat 仅有一只。
c.特殊疑问词+ca n+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用 what, where, when一般用肯定陈述句作答。例如
-What can you see in the picture你能在图画中看到什么
-I can see some birds and two big trees in我能看到一些鸟儿和两棵大树。
考查can的用法:
a.考查can表示能力的用法。
在这一用法中,can表示能力,意思是"能,会",其否定式can't表示"不 能"。在过去时中用couldcould n't。例如:
1.--- Where's Mr. Lee? I have someth ing unu sual to tell him.
---You    find him.
can的过去式A. may not B. may not C. can't D. can't
2.--- Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?
---Sorry. It    in such a short time.
A. may do B. can't be done C. must do    D. n eed n't be done
3.I have my own room in my house, so I    do what I want in it.
A. must    B. have to C. n eed to D. can
4.    you mend my car? I    not start it.
A. Would; would B. Must; must C. Can; can D. May; may
5.    she ride whe n she was three years old?
A. Can    B. Could C. Need D. May
6.The boy    an swer this kind of hard questi ons one year ago.
A. can B. may C. could
b.考查can表示推测的用法。
在这一用法中,can意为"可能",表示客观可能性,常常用于疑问句和否 定句中。例如:
7.--- Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?
---No, it    be him. Mr. Li is much taller.
A. must n't    B. may not    C. can't    D. n eed n't
8.--- Liste n! Some one is singing in the n ext room. Who    it be? Is it
Wei Fan g?
---No. It    be her. She is at school now.
A. will; may not B. must; must n't C. may; can't    D. may; won't
9.--- Is Mr. Hu in the reading room?
---No, he    be there. He has gone to Tianji n.
A. must n't    B. need n't C. won't D. can't
10.Class 3 won the football match!    it be true?
A. May B. Must C. Will D. Can
c.考查can / could表示请求许可的用法
在这一用法中,cancould都表示现在,用could比用can语气更加委 婉客气,常用Could I / ?句式,表示"/你能    吗?",若表示同意要用
can,不用could。例如:
11.--- Could I look at your pictures?
---Yes, of course you    .
A. could B. can C. will D. might
12.    you pass me a pen? rd like to write dow n the telepho ne nu mber.
A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should
综合练习:
1.---Can I go fishing with you, Dad?
---No, you    .You    stay at home and do your homework first.
A. won't; may B. can't must C. should n't; ought D. n eed n't; should
2.---Do you know whose dictionary it is?
---It    be Li Mei's. Her name isn ' t on it.
A. can't B. must n ' t C. should n't    D. need n't
3.---I can't stop smok ing, doctor.
---For your health, I'm afraid you    .
A. can B. can't C. must D. must n't
4.---Is Mr. Brow n driv ing here?
---rm not sure. He    come by trai n.
A. may B. shall C. need    D. must
5.—    your frie nd play basketball?
No, he    .
A. Cans; can ' t B. Can; doesn ' t
C. Does can; doesn    ' t cDn Can; can 't

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