Modal Verbs
情态动词定义：
表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词叫情态动词。
情态动词语法特征
1）情态动词不能单独作谓语，没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
2）情态动词的否定式是在情态动词后面直接+not。
3）情态动词的疑问式是把情态动词提到主语前。
主要情态动词
can, could（be able to）
may, might
must （have to）
will, would
shall, should
ought to
need
dare
情态动词的用法
I.can/ could
1.___Can___ you speak Japanese? Just a little.
2.Only the judge ___can___ save her from prison.
3.I ___could___ drive a car before I left middle school.
4.It was so dark that I ___could___ see nothing.
Note: 表能力、有权力 （could是can的过去式）
5.--___Can/Could ___ I go home now? --Yes, you can. –No, you can’t.
6.--___Can/Could___ I speak to Andrew?
can的过去式7.You ___can’t___（not）smoke here.
Note: （口语）允许、请求，表可以 (could非can的过去式，表委婉)
8.It ___can___/could ____ be very cold here, even in spring.
9.She is clever, but she ___can___/could___ be dull sometimes.
Note: （表示偶然现象发生的可能性）有时会，时而可能
10.It ___can’t___/couldn’t___(not) be my father. He is abroad now.
11.There is someone outside. Who ___can___ it be?
12.You __can’t/couldn’t have seen him__ (not see) him. He was not there.
13.She __ can’t/couldn’t have been ___(not be) more than six then.
14.He __ can’t/couldn’t have finished___ (not finish) the work last night without your help.
Note: 表推测（否定、疑问句）
15.He __could have told__(tell) me the answer but he refused to.
Note: 过去本能做而没有做
16.You _cannot/ can never_________ do the work too well.
17.You _cannot /can never__ be careful enough in your study.
Note: cannot…too; can too; cannot enough再…都不为过；越…越好
can & be able to
区别：1. can 只有两种时态 现在时can & 过去时 could
be able to 有各种时态
2. 用于一般所具有的能力，可以互换，但是当表示成功做到时，通常用be able to或manage to
1.He _can/is able to_ write music.
2.We shall __be able to__ finish the work soon.
3.I haven’t _been able to_ find the book.
4.He _could/was able to__ swim like a fish when he was young.
5.I talked with her for a long time and finally I __was able to_ make her believe me.
6.The fire spread through the building quickly but everybody ___was able to /managed___ to escape.
II.may/might
1.--__May___ I leave now?
--Yes, you __may__./Yes，please.
--No, you __may not /can’t/mustn’t___.
2. He asked if he _might_____ use the phone.
3. We start early so that we _may/might___ arrive in time.
Note: （允许、请求）可以
4. __May__ you be happy all your life.
Note: 祝、愿
5. John is absent. He __may/might_____ be ill.
6. It _may/might______ rain tomorrow or it __may/might_____ be merely cloudy.
7. I can’t find my book. I _may/might have left___(leave) it in your office just now.
8. You know this story very well. You _may/might have read___(read) it before.
Note: 表推测
9. We start early so that we ___may ___ arrive in time.
10. I wrote down his telephone number so that I ___might___ remember it.
Note: 表目的（用于目的状语从句中）
maybe & may be
11. He ___may be ___ here. I’m not sure.
12. ____Maybe______ you should call him.
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