盛年不重来，一日难再晨。及时宜自勉，岁月不待人。
关系副词的用法
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如：
Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time?
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。如：
Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived?
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。如：
I don't know the reason why he didn't tell it to his father.
4. 由于关系副词在定语从句中相当于“介词＋名词”，如： when ＝ on / in /during the day, where= in / at / on the place, why ＝ for the reason ，因此关系副词引导的定语从
句可以改写为“介词＋ which ”引导的定语从句。如：
That is the day when （ on which ） he did the experiments.
This is the house where （ in which ） my father used to live.
That is the reason why （ for which ） he is leaving very soon.
5. 关系代词和关系副词的选择
先行词是表时间或地点的名词时，关系词的选择要慎重，以下技巧可帮助你解决此类问题。（ 1 ）分析句子结构，看表时间或地点的先行词在定语从句中是作状语，还是作主语和宾语。（ 2 ）看定语从句中的动词是及物动词，还是不及物动词，还是“不及物动词＋介词副词的位置”结构。
比较： This is the place where he worked （ vi ） when he was young.
The city （ that / which ） we visited （ vt ） is well-known.
We'll never forget the day (that / which )we spent (vt )in the village.
We'll never forget the day when we work （ vi ） in the village.
That is the reason why he is leaving （ vi ）very soon.
That is the reason that he told（ vt ） me.
介词 + 关系代词（whom/which）引导的定语从句
1．正确使用介词。定语从句中介词的使用分为两种情况，一是与定语从句中谓语动词的搭配关系，二是与先行词的关系。例如：
The person about whom they are talking is our math teacher.
Can you tell me the date on which you were born?
前者 talk about 属于固定搭配，后者 on 与表示某一天的名词搭配。
有时介词的使用需要根据句子的意义而定。例如：
His glasses, without which he could see nothing, fell on the ground and broke.
His glasses, with which he saw very clearly, fell on the ground and broke.
2．介词的位置。介词在定语从句中的位置一般有下面的规律可循：
1 ）位于关系代词前面。与先行词搭配的介词一般只能放在这个位置。例如：
He built a telescope through which he could study the sky.
The house besides which there is a big tree is Li Hong's.
2) 位于定语从句的谓语动词后面。像 look after, look for, take care of, come across, send for, call on, come about, long for, hear from, get through 这样的短语动词，介词和动词不能拆开，故介词不能放到关系代词之前。在这种情况下关系代词可以省略。例如：
The doctor (that/who/whom) you send for has not come.
The girl (that/who/whom) I came across in the street yesterday is a friend of mine.
The chance (that/which) I longed for has come at last.
3．关系代词 whose 引导的定语从句可以用“ of which/whom ”来替换。例如：
The book whose colour is red is mine. = The book the colour of which is red is mine.
The man whose right leg is lame is a famous singer. = The man the right leg of whom is lame is a famous singer.
which与as引导非限制性定语从句时都指代整个句子，区别在于
which与as引导非限制性定语从句时都指代整个句子，区别在于：
Which只能放在主句后面，而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活，可在前，可在中，也可在后。例如：
A) As he realized, I was very useful to him.(在前)
B) Air, as we know, is a gas.（在中）
C) He was a foreigner,as I know from his accent.(在后)
D）He said he had never seen her before, which was not true.
练习一
1. Do you know who lives in the building ______there is a well?
A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in front which
2. I’ll never forget the day ____I joined the League.
A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which
3. The woman _____my brother spoke just now is my teacher.
A. who B. to whom C. to who D whom
4. Jeanne was her old friend, ____she borrowed a necklace.
A. from who B. from whom C. to that D. to whom
5. His glasses, _____he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg.
A. which B. with which C. without which D. that
6. she is a teacher of much knowledge, _____much can be learned.
A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
7. He built a telescope _____he could study the skies.
A. in which B. with that C. through which D. by it
8. Do you know the reason ____he was late?
A. that B. which C. for what D. for which
9. I have bought two ball pens, ____writes well.
A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them
10. The Second World War _____millions of people were killed in 1945.
A. during which B. in that C. where D. on which
11. China has many rivers,_ ___the Changjiang River is the longest.
A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which
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