24 Solar Terms: 6 things you may not know about the Start of Summer 24节气:关于立夏你可能不知道的5件事 | |
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Summer (Chinese: 立夏), the 7th term of the year, begins on May 5 and ends on May 21 this year. Start of Summer signals the transition of seasons. On this day, the sun's rays reach an angle of 45 degrees to the earth. The temperature will rise quickly during this period, yet in northern China weather remains mild, not tropical. 中国传统阳历将一年分为24个节气。立夏(中文:立夏)，一年中的第7个节气，今年5月5日开始，5月21日结束。夏天的开始标志着季节的转换。在这一天，太阳光线与地球成45度角。在此期间，气温将迅速上升，但中国北方的天气仍然温和，不是热带气候。 Here are five things to learn about the Start of Summer. 关于立夏，有五件事需要了解。 Greeting Start of Summer迎接立夏 The term Start of Summer was originated at the end of the Warring States Period (239BC). Since it is a crucial time for the harvest of summer crops such as wheat and canola, ancient Chinese emperors in different dynasties attached great importance to the Start of Summer. In the Zhou Dynasty (1050-221 BC), the emperor led his officials to stage a welcome rite for the Start of Summer and encouraged his residents to seize the key time to do farm work. It's said that most of the decorations were arranged in the color red, including the emperor and the officials' dress, the jade pendants, the horses and the flags, in order to show respect to the god of summer and pray for a good harvest. “立夏”这个词起源于战国末期(公元前239年)。由于这是小麦和油菜等夏季作物收获的关键时期，中国历代皇帝都非常重视立夏。在周朝(公元前1050-221年)，皇帝带领他的官员为立夏举行欢迎仪式，并鼓励他的居民抓住关键时间做农活。据说，大多数装饰品都是红的，包括皇帝和官员的衣服，玉坠，马和旗帜，以示对夏天的神的尊重和祈求丰收。 Checking one's weight 称体重 The custom of weighing people at the Start of Summer originated from the Three Kingdoms Period (220-180) and prevails in South China today. It was believed that this practice would bring health and good luck to the people weighted. After lunch on the day of Start of Summer, people would suspend a stool or basket from a beam. The young and old took turns to get weighed while the person calculating the weight would offer good wishes and auspicious words. It is said those who were weighed would stay healthy in the hot summer and those who weren't would suffer illness. 立夏称体重的习俗起源于三国时期(220-180)，盛行于今天的中国南方。人们相信这种做法会给称体重的人带来健康和好运。立夏那天午饭后，人们会在横梁上悬挂一个凳子或篮子。年轻人和老年人轮流称体重，而计算体重的人会提供良好的祝愿和吉祥的话。据说那些被称体重的人在炎热的夏天会保持健康，而那些没被称体重的人会生病。 Eating eggs In ancient China, people believed a round egg symbolized a happy life and eating eggs on the day of Start of Summer was a prayer for good health. They put leftover tea into boiled water together with eggs and the original "tea egg" was created. Later people improved cooking methods and added spices to the eggs to make them taste delicious. Today tea egg has become a traditional snack in China. 吃鸡蛋在古代中国，人们相信圆形的鸡蛋象征着幸福的生活，在立夏那天吃鸡蛋是对身体健康的祈祷。他们把剩下的茶和鸡蛋一起放入开水中，于是最初的“茶叶蛋”诞生了。后来人们改进了烹饪方法，并在鸡蛋中加入香料，使它们味道鲜美。今天，茶叶蛋已经成为中国的传统小吃。 Egg Competitions 鸡蛋比赛 As an old Chinese saying goes "hanging an egg on children's chest can prevent them from getting summer diseases", parents will prepare boiled eggs and put them in a knitted bag before hanging them on their child's chest. When at school, children gather together to play egg competitions by colliding each other's eggs in pairs and the one whose egg is not broken wins. 中国有句老话“在孩子胸前挂一个鸡蛋，可以防止孩子得夏季病”，父母会准备煮鸡蛋，放在编织袋里，然后挂在孩子的胸前。在学校时，孩子们聚在一起玩鸡蛋比赛，两人一组互相碰撞鸡蛋，谁的鸡蛋没破谁就赢。 Take care of the heart爱护心脏 According to Chinese traditional medicine, Start of Summer is a key time to moisten the heart. When the weather grows hotter, dampness and heat can affect human health. Food rich in vitamins and cool in nature is highly recommended. Vegetables, such as cucumber, tomato, watercress and celery and fruits that include watermelon, pear and strawberry are top recommendations. 根据中国传统医学，夏天的开始是滋润心脏的关键时间。当天气越来越热时，湿热会影响人体健康。强烈推荐富含维生素、性凉的食物。黄瓜、西红柿、豆瓣菜和芹菜等蔬菜以及西瓜、梨和草莓等水果是最受推荐的。 | NOTES ✪红：词汇 ☑蓝：短语 ※黄：语法总结，长难句 阅读综合练习在文后 ✪transition /trænˈzɪʃn/ n. 过渡；转变；变革；变迁 ☑reach an angle of 45 degrees：达到45度角。 ✪tropical/ˈtrɒpɪk(ə)l/ adj.热带的；来自热带的；产于热带的 ☑a crucial time：关键时间 ✪canola/kəˈnəʊlə/n. 油菜 ☑attach great importance to：非常重视 ☑stage a welcome rite：举行欢迎仪式 ☑seize the key time：抓住关键时间 ※It's said that most of the decorations were arranged in the color red：that引导的主语从句，it做形式主语。 ✪jade/dʒeɪd/ n.玉，翡翠；玉制品 pendant/ˈpendənt/n. 垂饰，坠饰；吊灯 ☑ jade pendant：玉坠 ☑show respect to：表示对...的尊敬 ☑checking one's weight：核实一个人的体重 ✪prevail/prɪˈveɪl/v.流行，盛行 ※It was believed that this practice would bring health and good luck to the people weighted：that引导的主语从句，it做形式主语。 ☑the people weighted：过去分词weighed做后置定语，修饰people，表示被称体重的人。 ✪suspend/səˈspend/v. 悬；挂；吊 ✪stool /stuːl/ n. 凳子 ✪beam /biːm/n. （建筑物的）梁，（体操运动的）平衡木 ※while the person calculating the weight would offer good wishes and auspicious words：while引导的时间状语从句。 ☑the person calculating the weight ：现在分词calculating做后置定语，修饰person，表示主动给别人量体重的人。 ✪auspicious/ɔːˈspɪʃəs/adj. 吉利的；吉祥的 ※who were weighed ...and ... who weren't：由and连接的两个并列的定语从句，分别修饰两个those，形成对比。 2022年立夏✪symbolize/ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/v. 象征；是…的象征；代表 ✪leftover /ˈleftəʊvə(r)/ n. 吃剩的食物；残羹剩饭 ✪original/əˈrɪdʒən(ə)l/adj. 原来的；起初的；最早的 ☑cooking methods：烹饪方法，现在分词cooking做定语，修饰methods。 ✪spice/spaɪs/n. （调味）香料 ✪knit /nɪt/ v. 编织；针织；机织 n.编织的衣服；针织衫 ✪collide/kəˈlaɪd/v. 碰撞；相撞 ※whose egg is not broken：定语从句，修饰the one。 ✪moisten/ˈmɔɪsn/v.（使）变得潮湿，变得湿润 ☐affect human health：影响人体健康。 ※Food rich in vitamins and cool in nature：由and连接的两个形容词短语做后置定语，修饰food。 ✪cucumber/ˈkjuːkʌmbə(r)/ n. 黄瓜 ✪watercress/ˈwɔːtəkres/n. [园艺] 豆瓣菜；西洋菜 ✪celery/ˈseləri/n. 芹菜 ☑top recommendations：热门推荐，最佳推荐。 |
一、阅读理解。 1. Which of the following is true about Start of Summer? A. Temperature will rise quickly on this day. B. Farmers harvest most of the crops on this day. C. Officials dressed in red pray for a good harvest. D. Everyone should get weighed. 2. People check their weight at the Start of Summer to _________. A.control their weight B.lose weight C.offer good wishes and auspicious words D. keep away from illness 3. We can learn from the passage that _____________. A. “tea egg” is not common food in ancient China B. dampness and heat are likely to harm human health C. children with broken eggs are more lucky. D. people should eat more food cool in nature 4. What’s the meaning of the word “colliding”? A.碰 B.抢 C.吃 D.煮 答案：CDBA 二、完型填空。 At the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, a countdown featuring 24 solar terms 1.______ the attention of the global audience and gave a glimpse of the ancient Chinese almanac science. The establishment of 24 solar terms is believed to be an /a 2.______contribution to the world made by ancient Chinese almanac scientists. The system, used by Chinese people in both ancient and modern times to guide farming activities, was 3.______ as an intangible cultural heritage item by UNESCO in 2016. An archaeological excavation in 2003 pointed to the theory that the village of Taosi in the Shanxi county of Xiangfen might be the 4.______of the 24 solar terms and the Chinese astronomic and almanac sciences. An archaeological discovery in the village of Taosi 5.______ that the system was in place some 4,000 years ago. Excavation of the Taosi site started in the 1950s and the 6.______ has continued to this day. One of the most important 7.______were 13 columns of compressed earth found in 2003. The 8.______of the columns was unknown to archaeologists at first. After years of watching the columns' projection under the sun, researchers realized this was an ancient observatory. The columns were used to measure sunbeam 9.______ and determine the 24 solar terms of a year, according to researchers 10.______with the site. There were other breakthroughs in the study of the remains, which made researchers think that the site might be the capital of the 11.______ governed by the legendary emperors of Yao and Shun more than 3,000 years ago. One milestone discovery were pottery relics with pictographs 12.______ the character of Yao. Archaeologists believe this was an ancient 13.______ system more than 500 years older than the Shang Dynasty (c.16th century-11th century BC) oracles written on bones and turtle shells, which were discovered in Anyang city, Henan province. There was also a set of 14.______ instruments discovered at the site. Among these, a bronze bell was identified as being made 4,000 years ago. It is said to be the earliest musical instrument found in China. Excavation of the site is still underway. Gao Jiangtao, head of the archaeological team, said excavations to date had 15. ______ less than 1 percent of the site. In October 2021, the Taosi site was included on the list of "China's major archaeological discoveries in a century". 1. A. paid B. drew C. turned D. took 2. A.ambitious B.emergency C.effective D. outstanding 3.A. recognized B.organized C. ordered D. faced 4.A.resource B. store C. source D. originate 5.A. proved B. proof C.process D. proverb 6.A.progress B.process C. proper D. promise 7.A.discover B. cover C.discoveries D. invention 8.A.secret B.appearance C. experience D. function 9.A.angles B. angels C. ankle D. ache 10.A. sitting B.working C.seeing D.watching 11.A. national B.natural C. nation D.nature 12.A. include B.included C. includes D.including 13.A. writing B. reading C. singing D. seeing 14.A. medical B.musical C. amused D. amusing 15.A. covering B.cover C. covered D. covers 答案：BDACA BCDAB CDABC 三、选词填空。（用单词的适当形式填空） prevail top recommendations show respect to crucial time suspend attach great importance to stage a welcome rite seize the key time 1. The opportunity is there. Why not __________. 2. The local government is _________for the hero. 3. My parents always__________my getting a good education. 4. Those beliefs ________ among certain social groups at that time. 5. A lamp was __________ from the ceiling. 6. I found the best lawyer through ____________________. 7. Youth, some spend it, some treasure it, but I ___________ it. 8. The battle had reached a _______________. 答案：1. seize the key time 2. staging a welcome rite 3. attach great importance to 4. prevailed 5. suspended 6.top recommendations 7. show respect to 8. crucial time 四、在右栏中出左栏单词的解释。 1. moisten 2. collide 3. knit 4. original 5. leftover A. food that has not been eaten at the end of a meal B. become or make sth slightly wet C. existing at the beginning of a particular period D. to make clothes, etc. from wool or cotton thread E. crash into each other 答案：BEDCA | |
高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。
一、备考策略务必精准
高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。一是细化“作战地图”。从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。二是组织集体攻坚。发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。三是准学科增分点。认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思
路等，都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略，在实践中调整提升，打破制约瓶颈，到质量提升的突破口。
二、课堂教学务必高效。课堂是教育教学是主阵地。高三年级教学时间紧，教学任务重，更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。一是上好微专题课。春节前后，一轮复习进入后期，学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好，将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题，上好微专题或微微专题课，针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透，触类旁通。微专题课怎么上？可以针对学生不会的问题，每节课重点解决1-2个知识点，专题强调，专点训练，不贪多，顺一个点“追祖宗八代”，剖析透!微微专题，则更精、更准、更小、更有效，可以一节课只讲一道题，但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透，讲透一个会一类，做会一题能举一反三。二是上好试卷讲评课。试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型，必须切实收到实效。首先，要精确掌握考情。考试不过夜，打铁要趁热，每次考试以后，要对班级考试情况了如指掌，充分了解易错点、易考点，这样讲评时，才能有所侧重，才能有针对性地攻克重难点。其次，要规范讲评流程。针对错误率高或重点考察的试题，教师引导出方法思路；再由学生个人进行自评自纠，小组讨论展示，出得分原因和失分原因，真正弄清楚解题思路。师生合作再对解题思路进行再归纳总结，写到纸上记录
下来，强化验证结果。三是克服“漏斗思维”。所谓“漏斗思维”，就是：今天正在学，突然有事不继续了，明天已经忘记一大部分，后天想起来，继续学，但是忘记的一大部分似乎又需要重新开始，周而复始，积累数月，结果是仅仅只有一点点的内容，而且是在同一个地方循环往复。对于常错、常考的知识点，要经常复习，要不就如同漏斗一样慢慢溜掉。尤其是对于已经进行过的专题训练、变式训练，不能认为进行过一次、两次就万事大吉，要每隔2周进行“回头看”，把学生的易错题重新编辑，归类整理后附上分析讲解印发给学生，克服漏斗思维，反复夯实专题训练的知识点。
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