竞技性运动competitive sport
竞技性运动competitive sport
用粉笔记下（分数等）；达到，得到 chalk up
出名 make one's mark
体育项目（尤指重要比赛） event
体育 PE (Physical Education)
体格、体质 physique
培训 groom
余的，带零头的 odd
年少者 junior
残疾人 the handicapped/disabled
学龄前儿童 preschool
全体；普通；一般 at large
平均寿命 life expectancy
复兴 revitalize
使有系统；整理 systemize
历史悠久的 time-honored
跳板 spring-board
秋千 swing
石弓，弩 crossbow
（比赛等的）观众 spectator
取得进展 make headway
体育大国/强国 sporting/sports power
与...有关系，加入 be affiliated to/with
落后 lag behind
武术 martial arts
五禽戏 five-animal exercises
体育运动 physical culture and sports
增强体质 to strengthen one's physique
可喜的，令人满意的 gratifying
称号，绰号 label
涌现出来 to come to the fore
源源不断 a steady flow of
队伍 contingent
又红又专/思想好，业务精 to be both socialist-minded and vocationally proficient
体育界 sports circle(s)
承担义务 to undertake obligation
黑马 dark horse
冷门 an unexpected winner; dark horse
爆冷门 to produce an unexpected winner
发展体育运动，增强人民体质 Promote physical culture and build up the people's health
锻炼身体，保卫祖国 Build up a good physique to defend the country
为祖国争光 to win honors for the motherland
胜不骄，败不馁
Do not become cocky/be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat.
体育道德 sportsmanship
打出水平，打出风格 up to one's best level in skill and style of play
竞技状态好 in good form
失常 to lose one's usual form
比分领先 to outscore
打成平局 to draw/to tie/to play even/to level the score
失利 to lose
中华人民共和国运动委员会（国家体委）
Physical Culture and Sports Commission of the PRC (State Physical Culture and Sports Commission
中华全国体育总会 All-China Sports Federation
国际奥林匹克委员会 International Olympic Committee
少年业余体育学校 youth spare-time sports school, youth amateur athletic school
辅导站 coaching center
体育中心 sports center/complex
竞赛信息中心 competition information center
运动会 sports meet; athletic meeting; games
全国运动会 National Games
世界大学生运动会 World University Games; Universiade
比赛地点 competition/sports venue(s)
国际比赛 international tournament
邀请赛 invitational/invitational tournament
锦标赛 championship
东道国 host country/nation
体育场 stadium; sports field/ground
体育馆 gymnasium, gym; indoor stadium
比赛场馆 competition gymnasiums and stadiums
练习场馆 training gymnasiums
操场 playground; sports ground; drill ground
体育活动 sports/sporting activities
体育锻炼 physical training
体育锻炼标准 standard for physical training
体育疗法 physical exercise therapy; sports therapy
广播操 setting-up exercises to music
课/工间操 physical exercises during breaks
体育工作者 physical culture workers, sports organizer
运动爱好者 sports fan/enthusiast
观众 spectator
啦啦队 cheering-section
啦啦队长 cheer-leader
国家队 national team
种子队 seeded team
主队 home team
客队 visiting team
裁判员 referee, umpire  裁判长 chief referee
团体项目 team event
单项 individual event
男子项目 men's event 女子项目 women's event
冠军 champion; gold medalist 全能冠军 all-round champion
亚军 running-up; second; silver medalist 第三名 third; bronze medalist
世界纪录保持者 world-record holder
种子选手 seeded player; seed
优秀选手 top-ranking/topnotch athlete
田径运动 track and field; athletics
田赛 field events
竞赛 track events
跳高 high jump  撑杆跳高 pole jump; polevault  跳远 long/broad jump
三级跳远 hop, step and jump; triple jump
标 javelin throw
铅球 shot put
铁饼 discus throw
链球 hammer throw
马拉松赛跑 Marathon (race)
接力 relay race; relay
跨栏比赛 hurdles; hurdle race
竞走 walking; walking race
自由体操 floor/free exercises
技巧运动 acrobatic gymnastics
垫上运动 mat exercises
单杠 horizontal bar 双杠 parallel bars 高低杠 uneven bars; high-low bars 吊环 rings
跳马 vaulting horse 鞍马 pommel horse 平衡木 balance beam
球类运动 ball games
足球场 field; pitch 篮球场 basketball court
乒乓球拍 racket; bat
羽毛球运动 badminton 羽毛球 shuttlecock; shuttle
球拍 racket
棒球 baseball 垒球 softball 棒/垒球场 baseball(soft ball)field/ground
手球 handball 手球场 handball field
曲棍球 hockey; field hockey
冰上运动 ice sports 冰球运动 ice hockey 冰球场 rink 冰球 puck; rubber
速度滑冰 speed skating 花样滑冰 figure skating
冰场 skating rink; ice rink 人工冰场 artificial ice stadium
滑雪 skiing 速度滑雪 cross country ski racing 高山滑雪 alpine skiing
水上运动 water/acquatic sports 水上运动中心 aquatic sports center 水球（运动）water polo
水球场 playing pool
滑水 water-skiing
游泳馆 natatorium
自由泳 freestyle; crawl (stroke) 蛙泳 breaststroke 侧泳 sidestroke 蝶泳 butterfly (stroke)
海豚式 dolphin stroke/kick 蹼泳 fin swimming
跳水 diving 跳台跳水 platform diving 跳板跳水 springboard diving
赛艇运动 rowing  滑艇/皮艇 canoeing
帆船运动 yachting; sailing
赛龙船 dragon-boat racing
室内运动 indoor sports
举重 weightlifting
重量级 heavyweight 中量级 middleweight 轻量级 lightweight
摔交 wresting
击剑 fencing
靶场 shooting range
射箭 archery
拳术 quanshu; barehanded exercise; Chinese boxing
气功 qigong; breathing exercises
自行车运动 cycling; cycle racing
赛车场（自行车等的）倾斜赛车场 cycling track
室内自行车赛场 indoor velodrome
摩托运动 motorcycling
登山运动 mountaineering; mountain-climbing
骑术 horsemanship
赛马场 equestrian park
国际象棋 (international) chess
特级大师 grandmaster
象棋 xiangqi; Chinese chess
围棋 weiqi; go
航空模型 aeromodel; model aeroplane
航海模型 marine modelling; model ship
跳伞 parachuting
滑翔运动 gliding; sailplaning
技巧 sports acrobatics
拔河 tug-of-war
毽子 shuttlecock
踢毽子 shuttlecock kicking
毽秋 jianqiu; shuttlecock playing

场上作风  court manner
服用兴奋剂  doping
国防体育  national defense sports
国家体育总局    State Physical Culture Administration
体育道德    sportsmanship
奥林匹克火炬            Olympic torch
奥林匹克圣火            Olympic flame
奥林匹克誓词            Olympic oath
奥运村                  Olympic village
奥运会城                Olympic city
奥运项目                Olympic events
奥运选手                Olympian
剥夺奥运                strip the gold medal of sb .
殿军                    last-placed winner
东道国                  host country
东奥会                  Olympic Winter Games
更快，更高，更强        Citius, Altius, Fortius
冠军腰带                champion belt
国际奥委会              International Olympic Committee (IOC)
国际奥委会主席          president of the IOC
会歌                    anthem
会徽                    emblem
会旗                    flag of the games
季军                    third place
金牌得主                gold medallist
开幕式                  opening ceremony
申办                    bid
世界记录                world record
世界大学前十名Harvard retains the crown as top university for the eighth year in an annual ranking of the world's universities which is dominated by the United States but shows China's performance improving.
The 2010 Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), published since 2003 by the Center for World-Class Universities of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, said the United States dominates the list with eight in the top 10 and 54 in the top 100.
Joining Harvard in the top 10 were the University of California, Berkeley; Stanford; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; Princeton; Columbia and Chicago. Yale came 11th.
The best ranked British universities were Cambridge, slipping to fifth place from fourth last year, and Oxford retaining the 10th position. Overall the number of British universities in the top 500 rankings dropped to 38 from 40.
But the ranking, initially set up to find the global standing of Chinese universities, showed
Asian universities were advancing up the list with 106 from the Asia Pacific region making the top 500 and Chinese universities performing better.
"While the ranking methodology has been kept the same, the number of top 500 Chinese universities reaches 34 in 2010, which is more than double that in 2004 (16)," Shanghai Jiao Tong University said in a statement.
Chinese universities in the top 200 included Peking; Tsinghua and Chinese University of Hong Kong.
The ARWU uses six indicators to rank universities globally including the number of alumni and staff with Nobel prizes, the number of highly cited researchers, the number of articles published and cited in top journals and the per capita performance with respect to size of the institution.
一项世界大学年度排名日前出炉，哈佛大学连续第八年高居排行之首。在今年的榜单上，美国大学占据多数，但中国大学的排名也有所上升。
在这份由上海交通大学“世界一流大学研究中心”发布的2010年《世界大学学术排名》（ARWU）中，美国有八所大学跻身前十名，有54所大学进入前100强，在排行榜上占据绝对优势。这一年度排名于2003年首次发布。
除哈佛大学外，跻身前十名的美国大学还包括：加州大学伯克利分校、斯坦福大学、麻省理工大学、加州理工学院、普林斯顿大学、哥伦比亚大学和芝加哥大学。耶鲁大学名列第十一位。
排名最靠前的英国大学是剑桥大学，从去年的第四名下滑至第五名，牛津大学仍位居第十。总体来看，排在前500名的英国大学数量从40所降到了38所。
但从今年的排名可以看出，亚洲大学的排名有所上升，亚太地区共有106所学校进入前500强，中国大学的排名也有所提升。交大编撰这一排行榜的初衷是为了了解中国大学的全球排名。
上海交通大学在一份声明中说：“在排名方法不变的情况下，今年进入全球500强的中国大学有34所，比2004年（16所）增加了一倍多。”
跻身200强的中国大学包括北京大学、清华大学和香港中文大学。
《世界大学学术排名》根据六项指标对全球的大学进行排名，其中包括获得诺贝尔奖的校友和教师数量、在各学科领域被经常引用的科研人员的数量、在顶级期刊发表和被引用的论文数，以及师均学术表现等。
Women teachers are holding back boys by reprimanding them for typically male behaviour, according to a study out today.
根据今日发布的一项研究，女教师责备男孩的男性典型行为，从而阻碍了男孩的成长。
They are reinforcing stereotypes that boys are ‘silly’ in class, refuse to ‘sit nicely like the girls’ and are more likely to indulge in ‘schoolboy pranks’.
她们强化一些模式化观念，责备男孩在课堂上表现“愚蠢”，拒绝“像女孩一样乖乖坐着”，以及更喜欢搞“小学生恶作剧”。
Women teachers may also unwittingly perpetuate low expectations of boys’ academic achievement and encourage girls to work harder by letting them think they are cleverer.
女教师还可能在长时间内无意中对男孩的学业成绩期望值较低，让女孩认为自己更聪明，从而鼓励女孩更用功学习。
Schools should avoid dividing pupils into ability groups because the practice often results in girls dominating the higher-achieving tables, concluded the Kent University research.
肯特大学的这一研究得出结论说，学校应该避免把学生按能力进行分组，因为这一行为经常导致女孩在成绩上以绝对优势居于前列。
The study of primary schools in the county suggests that under-performance among boys in most national exams could be linked to lower expectations.
对郡内小学的研究显示在大多数国考中男孩表现不佳可能和低期望值有关。
The research mainly implicates women teachers, since nearly 90 per cent of primary school teachers are female. It warned that school staff find boys’ play, such as wielding toy guns, ‘particularly challenging and difficult’.
这一研究主要涉及女教师，因为近90%的小学教师是女性。研究警告说，教职人员认为像玩玩具这种男孩游戏“特别具有挑战性和难度”。
Boys are punished and urged to conform to a more feminine style of play instead of being taught how to play responsibly with their preferred toys.
教师们惩罚男孩，驱使男孩进行一些更女性化的游戏，而不是教他们如何有责任感地玩他们喜欢的玩具。
Bonny Hartley, the study’s lead author, said: ‘By seven or eight years old, children of both genders believe that boys are less focused, able, and successful than girls – and think that adults endorse this stereotype. There are signs that these expectations have the potential to become self-fulfilling in influencing children’s actual conduct and achievement.’
该研究的主要作者伯尼?哈特利说：“到七八岁的时候，男孩和女孩都认为男孩不如女孩能集中注意力、能干以及成功，并认为成年人也认可这一模式。有迹象表明这些期望有可能内化并影响孩子的实际行为和成就。

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