专业八级词和句的翻译
词的翻译
1)      语境词
1在得病之前，我受父母的宠爱，在家中横行霸道。
Before I felt ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.
关键是：“横行霸道” 可用 “get everything / all things my own way 或者 be the bully”
2钓鱼可分为三个阶段。 There are three states for fishing.
3跨世界的青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。What kind of attitude the cross-century young generation will have to meet the new century that promises so much hope is the question we must answer.
2)      表示模糊的词
1昨天看电影我没有买到好票。 I did not buy a good seat for yesterday’s film.
2这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才。
The national key university has prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society.
3)      比喻词汇
1老师答应给这几个学生 “开小灶” The teacher has promised to give these students special tuition.
2他是个 “墙头草”，谁强就跟谁 He always sits on the fence and falls on the side of the stronger.
词类转换
1）动词——> 名词
1他得出这一结论是深思熟虑的结果。 His arrival at this conclusion was the result of much thought.
2吃头两个菜时，你也会赞不绝口。 You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses.
2) 动词——> 介词
1他支持这个建议，但我反对 He is for the suggestion, but I am against it.
2这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来
Thus, every place, with its own legends and tales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.
3）动词——> 形容词
1 所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。
Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly dependent on Nature.
2 他对过去追悔莫及，并保证永远不再开汽车。
He is truly sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars once and for all.
4）形容词或副词——> 名词
1只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。
…leaving these living things to enjoy this moment of dusk with full ease and freedom.
2 独立思考在学习中是绝对必要的。 Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.
5）名词——> 动词
1 大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。present的同义词 People, poor or rich, are equally favored by Nature.
2 同学们的精彩表演给校领导留下良好的印象。
The school leaders were favorably impressed by the excellent performance of the students.
词的增补
1）语法需要
1 面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛到一边，使自己的身心得到充分的休息。
When facing a pool of green water, you forget all your worries and annoyance and enjoy a good rest, both mentally and physically.
2 在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。
During the three and a half years I stayed at the lab, a total of 14 students were recruited to his lab, but only 5 of them got their doctor’s degrees at last.
3 有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。
A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.
4 农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。
People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society, thus their desires are far less either.
1）意思表达需要
1 世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。
The third-generation museums in the world are run on entirely new concepts.
2 这个车间既做来料加工，也做来样加工。
This workshop processes raw materials on client’s demand and processes according to investor’s samples as well.
3 这是黄河滩上的一幕。 This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River.
2）文化背景解释的需要
1 三个臭皮匠，胜过一个诸葛亮。 The wit of three cobblers combined surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind.
2 黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。 The weasel goes to pay his respects to the hen——not with the best of intentions.
词的缺省
1 于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。
Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and head-nodding to head-shaking.
2 种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花….
Planting crops and grapes; brewing and drinking wines; raising and milking cows; weeding and planting flowers…..
3 用点画成线，用线画成平面，用平面画成立体。
With points you can make a lines; with lines, planes; with planes, solids.
词的替代
1 有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。
A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.
2 狡猾的人轻视学问，愚昧的人羡慕学问，聪明的人利用学问。
Crafty men contemn studies; benighted men admire them; and wise men use them.
3 你最喜欢哪个男孩？——最高的那个
Which boy do you like best？——The tallest one.
同义词替代
另外一种方法是化学方法。 Another method is the chemical approach.
谓语成分替代
1 我不愿为占用你的时间而道歉，我占用你的时间是有道理的。
I will not apologize for trespassing on your time. I have a good reason for doing so / that.
2 你说他很勤奋，他确实很勤奋。You say he is diligent, so he is.
3 成绩有两重性，错误也有两重性。 Achievement has a dual character, and so do mistakes.
4 自周秦以来，中国是一个封建社会，其政治是封建的政治，其经济是封建的经济。
From the Zhou and Qin Dynasties onwards, Chinese society was feudal, as were its politics and economy.

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