第02讲 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态
1．了解过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态的解题方法与技巧。
2．进行过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态真题训练。
（一）过去进行时的被动语态
一、构成
肯定句：主语+was/were+being+动词的过去分词+其他
否定句：主语+was/were not+being+动词的过去分词+其他
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+being+动词的过去分词+其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+being+动词的过去分词+其他？
二、用法
1、表示过去某一时刻正在进行的被动动作，即某事正在被做。句中往往含有表示过去的时间状语then,at that moment,at that time,at the time,this time yesterday等。句子没有时间状语时，需要根据上下文判断是否使用过去进行时的被动语态。
The flowers was being watered then.
At that moment,a party was being hold by bus.
2、表示在过去某一段时间内一直在进行的被动动作。
Corn was being harvested all autumn.
It was reported that changes were being considered.
（二）过去完成时的被动语态
一、构成
肯定句：主语+had been +动词的过去分词+其他
否定句：主语+had not been +动词的过去分词+其他
一般疑问句：昨天已成过去Had+主语+been+动词的过去分词+其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+had+主语+been+动词的过去分词+其他？
二、用法
1．表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。
(1)By the time he got to the school，the first period had been finished.
当他到达学校时，第一节课已经结束了。
(2)The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.
老师来之前，教室还没有打扫过。
(3)How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended?
飓风结束时摧毁了多少建筑物？
(4)Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting?
这个新计划在开会前讨论过吗？
2．在 told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。
(1)They said the production costs of their company had been reduced.
他们说公司的生产成本已经降低了。
(2)The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in.
这个男孩被提醒还没有交家庭作业。
(3)The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake.
媒体报道有1 000多人在地震中丧生。
3．根据语意可以判断出两个过去的动作发生先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。
(1)As the assignment had been done，he went on to search the Internet.
因为任务已经完成了，他继续上网。
(2)He did what he had been told to.
他是按要求做的。
五、过去完成时与现在完成时的被动语态的用法区别
现在完成时的被动语态表示相对于现在来说已被完成的动作，过去完成时的被动语态表示相对于过去某一时刻来说已被完成的动作。
如：This polluted river has been cleaned.
这条被污染了的河流已被净化。
析：该句表示到现在为止这条河流已被净化。
如：He said this book had been translated into Japanese.他说这本书已被译成日语。
析：该句表示到他说话时所体现的时间为止这本书已被译成日语。
1．During the period of recent terrorist activities, people ________ (warn) not to touch any unattended the bag.
2．He came to the help of another driver who was being racially ________(abuse) by three white passengers.
3．Mr. Lee couldn’t know the incident happening in the company, because he ________ (treat) for a sprain (扭伤) in the hospital.
4．When I entered the room, I found that the salesman’s salary ___________at the meeting. (discuss)
5．It so happened that my mobile phone __________(repair) when you called me yesterday.
6．After school we went to the reading-room, only to be told that it _________________(decorate).
7．I remember well that the witness ______________(question) by a journalist at that time.
8．People said drugs______(sell) or traded there now.
9．As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she ________ (watch) by a tall man in a dark overcoat.
10．The man turned round from time to time to see if he ______（follow）.
11．The house ________________(paint) white when I was there.
12．He went home in a hurry,never once looking back to see if he________ (follow).
13．The tiger _______(feed) some nice meat at that time yesterday.
14．Now we can cross the bridge which _______(build) this time last month.
15．He felt that his talents ________ (waste) as a basketball player and was eager for a change.
16．I had a strange feeling that I ________ (watch) at the time.
17．It was reported that five students ________ (monitor) by health experts after coming into contact with the confirmed case.
18．John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it ______(damage) seriously.
19．By the end of 1900s, English ________ (speak) in a majority of countries.
20．The get-together in the tea-house ________ (cancel) by the time we arrived.
21．I had not ________ (wake) up by the noise,so I was late this morning.
22．Last time I saw him, he ________ (promote) to senior manager.
23．The task________ (finish) when we arrived there.
24．When I got back to the shop, my bag ____________ (take) away by someone else.
25．His village __________(flood) in the heavy rain, so he moved to his parents’ house.
26．The police found that the house ________(break) into and a lot of things stolen.
27．His new novel ________（translate）into English by the end of last month.
28．He was very excited to hear the news that he ________ (promote)．
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